---
title: sage — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sage» in the school dictionary: A herb with soft grey-green leaves that is used in cooking, for example in stuffing. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sage

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Sage green, Mum, Sage leaves, village sage, patient, He · **What happens:** use, be, add, feel, give, call · **To what, where:** soft green leaves, cooking, soft grey green colour, sage, boy advice, sage advice · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«sage» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sage in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sage.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A herb with soft grey-green leaves that is used in cooking, for example in stuffing.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sage:m1:1
# text = A herb with soft grey-green leaves that is used in cooking, for example in stuffing.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	herb	herb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
4	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
5	grey	grey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl:relcl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	cooking	cooking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	stuffing	stuffing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present · passive |  | soft green leaves |  | cooking |  | for example in stuffing | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: subject=Theme for example=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A very wise person, often an old and respected teacher.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sage:m2:1
# text = A very wise person, often an old and respected teacher.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	very	very	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
6	often	often	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
8	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	respected	respected	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
11	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective, formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wise: sage advice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sage:m3:1
# text = Wise: sage advice.
1	Wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
3	sage	sage	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	advice	advice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sage green is a soft grey-green colour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sage:m4:1
# text = Sage green is a soft grey-green colour.
1	Sage	sage	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	green	green	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
5	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
6	grey	grey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Sage green | a soft grey green colour |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum added sage to the stuffing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sage:x1:1
# text = Mum added sage to the stuffing.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	added	add	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sage	sage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	stuffing	stuffing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | past | Mum | sage |  |  |  | to the stuffing | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent sage=Patient to stuffing=Co-Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sage leaves feel soft and fuzzy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sage:x2:1
# text = Sage leaves feel soft and fuzzy.
1	Sage	sage	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	feel	feel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	fuzzy	fuzzy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | present | Sage leaves |  |  |  |  | soft *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The village sage gave the boy advice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sage:x3:1
# text = The village sage gave the boy advice.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	sage	sage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	advice	advice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the village sage | the boy advice |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent advice=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Be patient," was Grandma's sage advice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sage:x4:1
# text = "Be patient," was Grandma's sage advice.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	cop	_	_
3	patient	patient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
7	Grandma	Grandma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	sage	sage	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	advice	advice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | patient *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | past | patient | Grandma's sage advice |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Confucius is often called a Chinese sage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sage:x5:1
# text = Confucius is often called a Chinese sage.
1	Confucius	Confucius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	often	often	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	sage	sage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | Confucius |  |  |  | often *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our bedroom is painted sage green.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sage:x6:1
# text = Our bedroom is painted sage green.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	bedroom	bedroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	painted	paint	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	sage	sage	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
6	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** | present · passive |  | Our bedroom |  |  |  | green, sage *property* | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He stopped a few steps away from a very large bunch of wild sage.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sage:x7:1
# text = He stopped a few steps away from a very large bunch of wild sage.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	away	away	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	very	very	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	bunch	bunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	sage	sage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | past | He |  |  | a large bunch of wild sage |  | away *property* | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer from bunch=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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