---
title: saltwater — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «saltwater» in the school dictionary: Water that has salt in it, like sea water. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# saltwater

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Water, Most, Saltwater fish, egg, Saltwater crocodiles, croc signs · **What happens:** have, live in, come, be, not live, float · **To what, where:** salt, Water, sea, saltwater, pond, salt water

<!-- .vabout -->
«saltwater» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [saltwater in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/saltwater.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Water that has salt in it, like sea water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:saltwater:m1:1
# text = Water that has salt in it, like sea water.
1	Water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
4	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Water | salt and sea water |  | Water |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent salt=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Living in or coming from the sea, not fresh water: saltwater fish, saltwater crocodile.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:saltwater:m2:1
# text = Living in or coming from the sea, not fresh water: saltwater fish, saltwater crocodile.
1	Living	live	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	csubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	1	obl	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	coming	come	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	conj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
10	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	saltwater	saltwater	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	saltwater	saltwater	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	crocodile	crocodile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live in** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **come** | gerund |  |  |  | the sea |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from sea=Initial\_Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Most of the water on Earth is saltwater.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:saltwater:x1:1
# text = Most of the water on Earth is saltwater.
1	Most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	saltwater	saltwater	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Most of the water on Earth | saltwater |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Saltwater fish cannot live in a pond.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:saltwater:x2:1
# text = Saltwater fish cannot live in a pond.
1	Saltwater	saltwater	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **live** | can | Saltwater fish |  |  | a pond |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pond=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An egg floats in salt water but sinks in tap water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:saltwater:x3:1
# text = An egg floats in salt water but sinks in tap water.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	floats	float	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	sinks	sink	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	tap	tap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **float** | present | a egg |  |  | salt water |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Trajectory |
| 2 | **sink** | present | a egg *not said here* |  |  | tap water |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Saltwater crocodiles live in northern Australia; never swim where there are croc signs.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:saltwater:x4:1
# text = Saltwater crocodiles live in northern Australia; never swim where there are croc signs.
1	Saltwater	saltwater	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	crocodiles	crocodile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	swim	swim	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
10	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	12	advmod	_	_
11	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	12	expl	_	_
12	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
13	croc	croc	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	signs	sign	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | Saltwater crocodiles |  |  | northern Australia |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in australia=Location |
| 2 | **not** **swim** | infinitive | Saltwater crocodiles *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **does** | present | croc signs |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't drink saltwater, as it makes you thirstier.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:saltwater:x5:1
# text = Don't drink saltwater, as it makes you thirstier.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	drink	drink	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	saltwater	saltwater	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	thirstier	thirsty	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **drink** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | saltwater |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent saltwater=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | present | saltwater | you |  |  |  | thirsty *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material you=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We gargled warm salt water for a sore throat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:saltwater:x6:1
# text = We gargled warm salt water for a sore throat.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gargled	gargle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	sore	sore	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	throat	throat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gargle** | past | We | warm salt water |  |  |  | for a sore throat | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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