---
title: sandal — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sandal» in the school dictionary: A sandal is an open shoe held on the foot with straps, worn in warm weather. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sandal

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sandal, this, She, I, One sandal, Romans · **What happens:** be, hold, wear, smell, need, fall off · **To what, where:** open shoe, foot, warm weather, new sandals, pair, leather sandals

<!-- .vabout -->
«sandal» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sandal in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sandal.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sandal is an open shoe held on the foot with straps, worn in warm weather.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandal:m1:1
# text = A sandal is an open shoe held on the foot with straps, worn in warm weather.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sandal	sandal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	shoe	shoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	straps	strap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	worn	wear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sandal | a open shoe |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hold** | participle |  | a open shoe *not said here* |  | the foot with straps |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on foot=Location |
| 3 | **wear** | participle |  | a open shoe *not said here* |  | warm weather |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sandal is also short for sandalwood, a sweet-smelling wood, but this is less common.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandal:m2:1
# text = Sandal is also short for sandalwood, a sweet-smelling wood, but this is less common.
1	Sandal	sandal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	sandalwood	sandalwood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
9	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	smelling	smell	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	amod	_	_
12	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	18	advmod	_	_
18	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Sandal |  |  |  |  | for sandalwood and a smelling wood; short *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **smell** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn smell\_emission-43.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | this |  |  |  |  | common, less *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She wore her new sandals to the beach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandal:x1:1
# text = She wore her new sandals to the beach.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sandals	sandal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | She | her new sandals |  |  |  | to the beach | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent sandal=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I need a pair of sandals for the summer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandal:x2:1
# text = I need a pair of sandals for the summer.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pair	pair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	sandals	sandal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | I | a pair of sandals for the summer |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot pair=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One sandal fell off in the river.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandal:x3:1
# text = One sandal fell off in the river.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	sandal	sandal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall off** | past | One sandal |  |  |  |  | in the river | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in river=Attribute |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Romans wore leather sandals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandal:x4:1
# text = The Romans wore leather sandals.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Romans	Roman	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	leather	leather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	sandals	sandal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | the Romans | leather sandals |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent sandal=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sandals are not safe for climbing rocks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandal:x5:1
# text = Sandals are not safe for climbing rocks.
1	Sandals	sandal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	climbing	climb	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | Sandals |  |  |  |  | safe *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **climb** | gerund | Sandals *not said here* | rocks |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location rock=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Take off your sandals before you go on the sand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandal:x6:1
# text = Take off your sandals before you go on the sand.
1	Take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	off	off	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	sandals	sandal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take off** | imperative | you *not said here* | your sandals |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sandal=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | present | you |  |  | the sand |  |  | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on sand=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His sandal strap broke during the walk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandal:x7:1
# text = His sandal strap broke during the walk.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	sandal	sandal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	strap	strap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	during	during	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	walk	walk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | past | His sandal strap |  |  |  | during the walk |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put on proper shoes, not sandals, for PE.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandal:x8:1
# text = Put on proper shoes, not sandals, for PE.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	proper	proper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	sandals	sandal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	PE	pe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | proper shoes and sandals |  | for PE | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on shoe=Destination |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He took off his sandals and entered the hut.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandal:x9:1
# text = He took off his sandals and entered the hut.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	off	off	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	sandals	sandal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	entered	enter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hut	hut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take off** | past | He | his sandals |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sandal=Theme |
| 2 | **enter** | past | He *not said here* | the hut |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme hut=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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