---
title: sandwich — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sandwich» in the school dictionary: A sandwich is two slices of bread with food such as cheese, ham or jam between them. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sandwich

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sandwich, Mum, They, I, She · **What happens:** be, sandwich, squeeze, make, use, slice · **To what, where:** two slices, 12 sandwiches, 2 slices, bread, 4 dollars, 3 sandwiches

<!-- .vabout -->
«sandwich» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sandwich in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sandwich.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sandwich is two slices of bread with food such as cheese, ham or jam between them.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandwich:m1:1
# text = A sandwich is two slices of bread with food such as cheese, ham or jam between them.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sandwich	sandwich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	slices	slice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	12	case	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	ham	ham	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	jam	jam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
17	between	between	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sandwich | two slices |  |  |  | of bread with food such cheese and ham or jam between ham | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To be sandwiched is to be squeezed between two things or people.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandwich:m2:1
# text = To be sandwiched is to be squeezed between two things or people.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	sandwiched	sandwich	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	squeezed	squeeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
8	between	between	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sandwich** | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **squeeze** | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  |  | between two things or people | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP» |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum made 12 sandwiches for the picnic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandwich:x1:1
# text = Mum made 12 sandwiches for the picnic.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	sandwiches	sandwich	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	picnic	picnic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Mum | 12 sandwiches |  |  |  | for the picnic | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent sandwich=Material for picnic=Beneficiary |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each sandwich uses 2 slices of bread.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandwich:x2:1
# text = Each sandwich uses 2 slices of bread.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	sandwich	sandwich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	slices	slice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | each sandwich | 2 slices of bread |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slice=Patient |
| 2 | **slice** |  |  | bread |  |  |  |  | nom slice «possession transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sandwich costs 4 dollars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandwich:x3:1
# text = A sandwich costs 4 dollars.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sandwich	sandwich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | a sandwich | 4 dollars |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They ate 3 sandwiches each.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandwich:x4:1
# text = They ate 3 sandwiches each.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	sandwiches	sandwich	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | past | They | 3 sandwiches |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I have a cheese and tomato sandwich in my lunch box.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandwich:x5:1
# text = I have a cheese and tomato sandwich in my lunch box.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	tomato	tomato	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	sandwich	sandwich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	lunch	lunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	box	box	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | I | a cheese and tomato sandwich in my lunch box |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cheese=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She cut her sandwich into triangles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandwich:x6:1
# text = She cut her sandwich into triangles.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cut	cut	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	sandwich	sandwich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	triangles	triangle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | past | She | her sandwich |  | triangles |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent sandwich=Material into triangle=Product |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The small car was sandwiched between two lorries.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandwich:x7:1
# text = The small car was sandwiched between two lorries.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	sandwiched	sandwich	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	between	between	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	lorries	lorry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sandwich** | past · passive |  | the small car |  |  |  | between two lorries | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sandwich is named after the Earl of Sandwich.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandwich:x8:1
# text = The sandwich is named after the Earl of Sandwich.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sandwich	sandwich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	named	name	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Earl	Earl	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Sandwich	Sandwich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **name** | present · passive |  | the sandwich |  |  | after the Earl of Sandwich |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I have a sandwich in my hand.’

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sandwich:x9:1
# text = I have a sandwich in my hand.’
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sandwich	sandwich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | I | a sandwich |  | my hand |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sandwich=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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