---
title: sanitation — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sanitation» in the school dictionary: The systems that keep places clean and healthy, especially clean water supply, toilets, drains and taking away sewage and rubbish. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sanitation

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** systems, Good sanitation, Many villages, poor sanitation, Sanitation workers, charity · **What happens:** keep, take away, save, lack, spread, collect · **To what, where:** places, sewage, millions, clean water, disease, old cities

<!-- .vabout -->
«sanitation» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sanitation in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sanitation.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The systems that keep places clean and healthy, especially clean water supply, toilets, drains and taking away sewage and rubbish.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sanitation:m1:1
# text = The systems that keep places clean and healthy, especially clean water supply, toilets, drains and taking away sewage and rubbish.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	systems	system	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	keep	keep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	healthy	healthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	supply	supply	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	toilets	toilet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	drains	drain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
20	away	away	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	sewage	sewage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | the systems | places |  |  |  | clean *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Theme |
| 2 | **take away** | gerund | the systems *not said here* | sewage and rubbish |  |  |  | away *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sewage=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Good sanitation saves millions of lives.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sanitation:x1:1
# text = Good sanitation saves millions of lives.
1	Good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	sanitation	sanitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saves	save	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	millions	million	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	lives	life	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **save** | present | Good sanitation | millions of lives |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent million=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many villages still lack clean water and sanitation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sanitation:x2:1
# text = Many villages still lack clean water and sanitation.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	villages	village	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	still	still	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	lack	lack	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	sanitation	sanitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lack** | present | Many villages | clean water and sanitation |  |  | still |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In old cities, poor sanitation spread disease.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sanitation:x3:1
# text = In old cities, poor sanitation spread disease.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	sanitation	sanitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	spread	spread	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	disease	disease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | past | poor sanitation | disease |  | old cities |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent disease=Theme in city=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sanitation workers collect the rubbish every week.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sanitation:x4:1
# text = Sanitation workers collect the rubbish every week.
1	Sanitation	sanitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	workers	worker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	collect	collect	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **collect** | present | Sanitation workers | the rubbish |  |  | week |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rubbish=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The charity builds toilets to improve sanitation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sanitation:x5:1
# text = The charity builds toilets to improve sanitation.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	charity	charity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	builds	build	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	toilets	toilet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	improve	improve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
7	sanitation	sanitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | present | the charity | toilets |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **improve** | to-infinitive | the charity *not said here* | sanitation |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent sanitation=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Washing hands is part of good sanitation and hygiene.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sanitation:x6:1
# text = Washing hands is part of good sanitation and hygiene.
1	Washing	wash	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	sanitation	sanitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	hygiene	hygiene	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wash** | gerund |  | hands |  |  |  |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Washing | part |  |  |  | of good sanitation and hygiene | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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