---
title: sarcastic — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sarcastic» in the school dictionary: Sarcastic means saying the opposite of what you mean, in a mocking way, to make fun of someone or show you are annoyed. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sarcastic

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Sarcastic, you, he, She, coach, Tom · **What happens:** mean, say, mock, make, show, be · **To what, where:** opposite, mocking way, fun, sarcastic voice, sarcastic laugh, Nice · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«sarcastic» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sarcastic in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sarcastic.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sarcastic means saying the opposite of what you mean, in a mocking way, to make fun of someone or show you are annoyed.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sarcastic:m1:1
# text = Sarcastic means saying the opposite of what you mean, in a mocking way, to make fun of someone or show you are annoyed.
1	Sarcastic	Sarcastic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	saying	say	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	ccomp	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	opposite	opposite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nmod	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	mean	mean	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	mocking	mock	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	amod	_	_
14	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
18	fun	fun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	18	nmod	_	_
21	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	show	show	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
23	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
25	annoyed	annoyed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Sarcastic |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund |  | the opposite |  | a mocking way |  |  | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent opposite=Theme in way=Manner |
| 3 | **mean** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **mock** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | fun of someone |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset fun=Product |
| 6 | **show** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **is** | present | you |  |  |  |  | annoyed *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Oh, brilliant, more homework,» he said in a sarcastic voice.

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sarcastic:x1:1
# text = «Oh, brilliant, more homework,» he said in a sarcastic voice.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Oh	oh	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	brilliant	brilliant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	sarcastic	sarcastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | he |  |  | a sarcastic voice |  |  | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent in voice=Manner |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't be sarcastic with your teacher.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sarcastic:x2:1
# text = Don't be sarcastic with your teacher.
1	Do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
4	sarcastic	sarcastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with your teacher; sarcastic *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She gave a sarcastic laugh.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sarcastic:x3:1
# text = She gave a sarcastic laugh.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	sarcastic	sarcastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	laugh	laugh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | She | a sarcastic laugh |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent laugh=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Nice of you to turn up,» said the coach sarcastically when Tom came late.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sarcastic:x4:1
# text = «Nice of you to turn up,» said the coach sarcastically when Tom came late.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Nice	Nice	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
3	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
13	sarcastically	sarcastically	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
14	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	16	advmod	_	_
15	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
17	late	late	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn up** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the coach | Nice |  |  |  | sarcastically *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **come** | past | Tom |  |  |  |  | late *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His sarcastic remarks hurt my feelings.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sarcastic:x5:1
# text = His sarcastic remarks hurt my feelings.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	sarcastic	sarcastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	remarks	remark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	feelings	feeling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hurt** | past | His sarcastic remarks | my feelings |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer feeling=Patient |
| 2 | **remark** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom remark «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Was that a real compliment or were you being sarcastic?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sarcastic:x6:1
# text = Was that a real compliment or were you being sarcastic?
1	Was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
2	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	compliment	compliment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	cop	_	_
10	sarcastic	sarcastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | a real compliment |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | you |  |  |  |  | sarcastic *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Still he kept up a flow of sarcastic talk, just to exercise his wits and to have the fun of disputing.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sarcastic:x7:1
# text = Still he kept up a flow of sarcastic talk, just to exercise his wits and to have the fun of disputing.
1	Still	still	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	flow	flow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	sarcastic	sarcastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	talk	talk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	just	just	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	exercise	exercise	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	wits	wit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	have	have	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	fun	fun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	disputing	disputing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep up** | past | he | a flow of sarcastic talk |  |  | still |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent flow=Theme |
| 2 | **exercise** | to-infinitive |  | his wits |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wit=Patient |
| 3 | **have** | to-infinitive |  | the fun of disputing |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fun=Patient |
| 4 | **flow** |  | sarcastic talk |  |  |  |  |  | nom flow «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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