---
title: saturnalia — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «saturnalia» in the school dictionary: A festival in ancient Rome held in December, with feasting, games and a reversal of normal rules, honouring the god Saturn. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# saturnalia

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**Who acts:** festival, Saturnalia, Romans, party · **What happens:** hold, honour, reverse, drop, be, celebrate · **To what, where:** god, normal rules, ordinary rules, festival, Saturnalia, wild saturnalia

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«saturnalia» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [saturnalia in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/saturnalia.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A festival in ancient Rome held in December, with feasting, games and a reversal of normal rules, honouring the god Saturn.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:saturnalia:m1:1
# text = A festival in ancient Rome held in December, with feasting, games and a reversal of normal rules, honouring the god Saturn.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	festival	festival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	Rome	Rome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	December	December	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	feasting	feasting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	games	game	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	reversal	reversal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	normal	normal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	honouring	honour	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	god	god	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	Saturn	Saturn	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | past | a festival in ancient Rome |  |  |  | december | with feasting and games and a reversal of normal rules | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **honour** | gerund | a festival in ancient Rome *not said here* | the god |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **reverse** |  |  | normal rules |  |  |  |  | nom reversal «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Any wild, noisy party where ordinary rules are dropped.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:saturnalia:m2:1
# text = Any wild, noisy party where ordinary rules are dropped.
1	Any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
2	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	noisy	noisy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	10	advmod	_	_
7	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	dropped	drop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop** | present · passive |  | ordinary rules |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Saturnalia was a festival of feasting.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:saturnalia:x1:1
# text = The Saturnalia was a festival of feasting.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Saturnalia	Saturnalia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	festival	festival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	feasting	feasting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the Saturnalia | a festival |  |  |  | of feasting | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Romans celebrated the Saturnalia in December.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:saturnalia:x2:1
# text = The Romans celebrated the Saturnalia in December.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Romans	Roman	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	celebrated	celebrate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Saturnalia	Saturnalia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	December	December	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **celebrate** | past | the Romans | the Saturnalia |  |  |  | in December | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent saturnalia=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The party became a wild saturnalia.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:saturnalia:x3:1
# text = The party became a wild saturnalia.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	saturnalia	saturnalia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | the party | a wild saturnalia |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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