---
title: sawdust — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sawdust» in the school dictionary: Sawdust is the tiny pieces of wood that fall off when wood is cut with a saw. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sawdust

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Sawdust, tiny pieces, We, Dad, you, carpenter · **What happens:** be, fall off, cut, cover, put, fly · **To what, where:** tiny pieces, wood, workshop floor, clean sawdust, cage, plank

<!-- .vabout -->
«sawdust» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sawdust in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sawdust.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sawdust is the tiny pieces of wood that fall off when wood is cut with a saw.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sawdust:m1:1
# text = Sawdust is the tiny pieces of wood that fall off when wood is cut with a saw.
1	Sawdust	sawdust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	pieces	piece	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	fall	fall	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	off	off	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
12	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	advcl	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	saw	saw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Sawdust | the tiny pieces |  |  |  | of wood | tree rules |
| 2 | **fall off** | present | the tiny pieces |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **cut** | present · passive |  | wood |  |  |  | with a saw | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient with saw=Instrument |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The workshop floor was covered in sawdust.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sawdust:x1:1
# text = The workshop floor was covered in sawdust.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	workshop	workshop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sawdust	sawdust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | past · passive |  | the workshop floor |  |  |  | in sawdust | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in sawdust=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We put clean sawdust in the hamster's cage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sawdust:x2:1
# text = We put clean sawdust in the hamster's cage.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	sawdust	sawdust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hamster	hamster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	cage	cage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | We | clean sawdust |  | the hamster's cage |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent sawdust=Theme in cage=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sawdust flew everywhere when Dad cut the plank.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sawdust:x3:1
# text = Sawdust flew everywhere when Dad cut the plank.
1	Sawdust	sawdust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	2	advmod	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	Dad	Dad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	cut	cut	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	plank	plank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | past | Sawdust |  |  |  |  | everywhere *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **cut** | past | Dad | the plank |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plank=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wear goggles to keep sawdust out of your eyes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sawdust:x4:1
# text = Wear goggles to keep sawdust out of your eyes.
1	Wear	wear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	goggles	goggle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
5	sawdust	sawdust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | imperative | you *not said here* | goggles |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent goggle=Source |
| 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | sawdust |  | your eyes |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent sawdust=Theme out eye=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The carpenter swept up the sawdust.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sawdust:x5:1
# text = The carpenter swept up the sawdust.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	carpenter	carpenter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	swept	sweep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sawdust	sawdust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sweep up** | past | the carpenter | the sawdust |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme sawdust=Trajectory |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chipboard is made from glued sawdust and wood chips.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sawdust:x6:1
# text = Chipboard is made from glued sawdust and wood chips.
1	Chipboard	chipboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	glued	glue	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	sawdust	sawdust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	chips	chip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Chipboard |  | glued sawdust and wood chips |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from sawdust=Material |
| 2 | **glue** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then, going to a chest of drawers, he took out a pretty heart, made entirely of silk and stuffed with sawdust.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sawdust:x7:1
# text = Then, going to a chest of drawers, he took out a pretty heart, made entirely of silk and stuffed with sawdust.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	chest	chest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	drawers	drawer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	out	out	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	pretty	pretty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl	_	_
18	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	silk	silk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	stuffed	stuff	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	conj	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	sawdust	sawdust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | gerund | he *not said here* |  |  | a chest of drawers |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to chest=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **take out** | past | he | a pretty heart |  |  | then |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | participle | a pretty heart *not said here* | silk |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset silk=Product |
| 4 | **stuff** | participle | a pretty heart *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with sawdust | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with sawdust=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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