---
title: scaffolding — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «scaffolding» in the school dictionary: Scaffolding is a frame of metal poles and wooden boards put up against a building so workers can stand on it while they build, paint or repair. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# scaffolding

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Scaffolding, workers, school scaffolding, teacher, start, step · **What happens:** be, put up, stand, build, mean, give · **To what, where:** frame, metal poles, building, Scaffolding, paint, extra help

<!-- .vabout -->
«scaffolding» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [scaffolding in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/scaffolding.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scaffolding is a frame of metal poles and wooden boards put up against a building so workers can stand on it while they build, paint or repair.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scaffolding:m1:1
# text = Scaffolding is a frame of metal poles and wooden boards put up against a building so workers can stand on it while they build, paint or repair.
1	Scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	frame	frame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	poles	pole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	wooden	wooden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	boards	board	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
11	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
12	up	up	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	against	against	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	workers	worker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
18	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	stand	stand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obl	_	_
22	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
23	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	build	build	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	repair	repair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Scaffolding | a frame |  |  |  | of metal poles and wooden boards | tree rules |
| 2 | **put up** | participle |  | metal poles and wooden boards *not said here* |  | a building |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent against building=Destination |
| 3 | **stand** | can | workers |  |  | Scaffolding |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on it=Location |
| 4 | **build** | present | workers *= worker* | paint or repair |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset paint=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In school, scaffolding means the extra help a teacher gives you at the start of learning something, which is taken away step by step as you get better.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scaffolding:m2:1
# text = In school, scaffolding means the extra help a teacher gives you at the start of learning something, which is taken away step by step as you get better.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	iobj	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	start	start	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	learning	learn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	acl	_	_
18	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	acl:relcl	_	_
23	away	away	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
24	step	step	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl:unmarked	_	_
25	by	by	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	step	step	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
27	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
28	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	advcl	_	_
30	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	29	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | school scaffolding | the extra help |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent help=Topic |
| 2 | **give** | present | a teacher | the extra help *not said here* | you | the start |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent you=Theme at start=Asset |
| 3 | **learn** | gerund | the start *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Topic |
| 4 | **take away** | present · passive | step | step |  |  |  | away *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 5 | **get** | present | you |  |  |  |  | good *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scaffolding is any support that holds something up while it is being made.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scaffolding:m3:1
# text = Scaffolding is any support that holds something up while it is being made.
1	Scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	det	_	_
4	support	support	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	_
8	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
9	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
12	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Scaffolding | any support |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hold up** | present | any support | something |  |  |  |  | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot something=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | present · passive |  | Scaffolding |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The church tower is covered in scaffolding.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scaffolding:x1:1
# text = The church tower is covered in scaffolding.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	tower	tower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | present · passive |  | the church tower |  |  |  | in scaffolding | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in scaffolding=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Builders put up scaffolding to paint the house.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scaffolding:x2:1
# text = Builders put up scaffolding to paint the house.
1	Builders	builder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	scaffolding	scaffold	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	paint	paint	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put up** | present | Builders |  |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **scaffold** | gerund | Builders *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **paint** | to-infinitive | Builders *not said here* | the house |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent house=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never climb on scaffolding — it is not a playground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scaffolding:x3:1
# text = Never climb on scaffolding — it is not a playground.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	climb	climb	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	—	-	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	playground	playground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **climb** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | scaffolding |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on scaffolding=Trajectory |
| 2 | **not** **is a** | present | scaffolding | a playground |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pole fell off the scaffolding, so the street was closed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scaffolding:x4:1
# text = A pole fell off the scaffolding, so the street was closed.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pole	pole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	street	street	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	closed	close	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall off** | past | a pole | the scaffolding |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient scaffolding=Extent |
| 2 | **close** | past · passive |  | the street |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher gave us scaffolding: the first line of each answer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scaffolding:x5:1
# text = The teacher gave us scaffolding: the first line of each answer.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	9	amod	_	_
9	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
12	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the teacher | scaffolding | us |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient scaffolding=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Writing frames are a kind of scaffolding for your story.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scaffolding:x6:1
# text = Writing frames are a kind of scaffolding for your story.
1	Writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	frames	frame	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Writing frames | a kind |  |  |  | of scaffolding; for your story | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They took the scaffolding down when the roof was finished.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scaffolding:x7:1
# text = They took the scaffolding down when the roof was finished.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	finished	finish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take down** | past | They | the scaffolding |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scaffolding=Theme |
| 2 | **finish** | past · passive |  | the roof |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Workers on the scaffolding wear hard hats and harnesses.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scaffolding:x8:1
# text = Workers on the scaffolding wear hard hats and harnesses.
1	Workers	worker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	scaffolding	scaffolding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	wear	wear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	hats	hat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	harnesses	harness	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | present | Workers on the scaffolding | hard hats and harnesses |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hat=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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