---
title: scone — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «scone» in the school dictionary: A scone is a small, slightly sweet, round baked cake, often eaten with butter, jam and cream. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# scone

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** scone, you, We, Gran, recipe, coach · **What happens:** be, bake, eat, mean, use, have · **To what, where:** cake, head, scone, scones, cheese scones, 12 scones · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«scone» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [scone in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/scone.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A scone is a small, slightly sweet, round baked cake, often eaten with butter, jam and cream.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scone:m1:1
# text = A scone is a small, slightly sweet, round baked cake, often eaten with butter, jam and cream.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	scone	scone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	slightly	slightly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	round	round	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	baked	bake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	parataxis	_	_
12	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	often	often	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	butter	butter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	jam	jam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a scone |  |  |  |  | small *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **bake** | participle |  | cake |  |  |  | round *property* | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cake=Product |
| 3 | **eat** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | with butter and jam and cream; often *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Australia, NZ, informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scone can mean the head.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scone:m2:1
# text = Scone can mean the head.
1	Scone	scone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Scone | the head |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Use your scone!"

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scone:m2e:1
# text = "Use your scone!"
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	scone	scone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* | your scone |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scone=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We had scones with jam and cream.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scone:x1:1
# text = We had scones with jam and cream.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	scones	scone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	jam	jam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | We | scones |  |  |  | with jam and cream | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scone=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gran bakes cheese scones every Sunday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scone:x2:1
# text = Gran bakes cheese scones every Sunday.
1	Gran	Gran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bakes	bake	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	scones	scone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	Sunday	Sunday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bake** | present | Gran | cheese scones |  |  | sunday |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scone=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The recipe makes 12 scones.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scone:x3:1
# text = The recipe makes 12 scones.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	recipe	recipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	scones	scone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the recipe | 12 scones |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset scone=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Use your scone!" said the coach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scone:x4:1
# text = "Use your scone!" said the coach.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	ccomp	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	scone	scone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | your scone |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scone=Patient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: express* | past | the coach |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put the jam on before the cream, or after — people argue about it!

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scone:x5:1
# text = Put the jam on before the cream, or after — people argue about it!
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	jam	jam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
5	before	before	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
12	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	argue	argue	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
14	about	about	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put on** | imperative | you *not said here* | the jam |  | the cream |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent jam=Theme before cream=Destination |
| 2 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | present | people |  |  |  |  | about cream | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.theme S»: agent=Agent about it=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fruit scones were still warm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scone:x6:1
# text = The fruit scones were still warm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	scones	scone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	still	still	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the fruit scones |  |  |  | still | warm *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Even Prince was fed on beefsteaks and cream scones till at last he was as round as a butter jar.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scone:x7:1
# text = Even Prince was fed on beefsteaks and cream scones till at last he was as round as a butter jar.
1	Even	even	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	fed	feed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	beefsteaks	beefsteak	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	scones	scone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	till	till	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	last	last	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	as	as	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	acl:relcl	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	butter	butter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	jar	jar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feed** | past · passive |  | Prince |  | beefsteaks |  |  | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **till** | present | cream scones |  |  | last |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | past | Prince | last *not said here* |  |  |  | as a butter jar; round *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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