---
title: scotsman — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «scotsman» in the school dictionary: A Scotsman is a man from Scotland. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# scotsman

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Scotsman, Flying Scotsman, famous steam train, grandad, Alexander, We · **What happens:** be, run, wear, walk, work, see · **To what, where:** man, Scotland, name, famous steam train, London, kilt

<!-- .vabout -->
«scotsman» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [scotsman in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/scotsman.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A Scotsman is a man from Scotland.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scotsman:m1:1
# text = A Scotsman is a man from Scotland.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Scotsman	Scotsman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Scotland	Scotland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a Scotsman | a man |  | Scotland |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«The Scotsman» is the name of a newspaper in Edinburgh.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scotsman:m2:1
# text = «The Scotsman» is the name of a newspaper in Edinburgh.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Scotsman	Scotsman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	newspaper	newspaper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Edinburgh	Edinburgh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Scotsman | the name |  |  |  | of a newspaper in Edinburgh | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«The Flying Scotsman» is a famous steam train that ran between London and Edinburgh.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scotsman:m3:1
# text = «The Flying Scotsman» is a famous steam train that ran between London and Edinburgh.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Flying	Fly	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Scotsman	Scotsman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	between	between	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	Edinburgh	Edinburgh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Flying Scotsman | a famous steam train |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **run** | past | a famous steam train |  |  | London and Edinburgh |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme between london=Trajectory |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Scotsman wore a kilt at the wedding.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scotsman:x1:1
# text = The Scotsman wore a kilt at the wedding.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Scotsman	Scotsman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	kilt	kilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	wedding	wedding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | the Scotsman | a kilt |  | the wedding |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent kilt=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My grandad is a Scotsman from Glasgow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scotsman:x2:1
# text = My grandad is a Scotsman from Glasgow.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	grandad	grandad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Scotsman	Scotsman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Glasgow	Glasgow	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My grandad | a Scotsman |  | Glasgow |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Flying Scotsman is a famous steam engine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scotsman:x3:1
# text = The Flying Scotsman is a famous steam engine.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Flying	Fly	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Scotsman	Scotsman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	engine	engine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Flying Scotsman | a famous steam engine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A Scotsman, an Englishman and an Irishman walked into a joke.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scotsman:x4:1
# text = A Scotsman, an Englishman and an Irishman walked into a joke.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Scotsman	Scotsman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Englishman	Englishman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Irishman	Irishman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
9	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	into	into	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	joke	joke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | past | a Scotsman and a Englishman and a Irishman |  |  |  |  | into a joke *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into joke=Result |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Alexander Graham Bell, who worked on the telephone, was a Scotsman.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scotsman:x5:1
# text = Alexander Graham Bell, who worked on the telephone, was a Scotsman.
1	Alexander	Alexander	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	Graham	Graham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	Bell	Bell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	worked	work	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	telephone	telephone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Scotsman	Scotsman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | past | Alexander |  |  |  |  | on the telephone | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on telephone=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | past |  | a Scotsman |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We saw the Flying Scotsman at the railway museum in York.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scotsman:x6:1
# text = We saw the Flying Scotsman at the railway museum in York.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Flying	Fly	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	Scotsman	Scotsman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	railway	railway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	museum	museum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	York	York	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | We | the Flying Scotsman |  | the railway museum in York |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer scotsman=Stimulus |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On the second morning the Scotsman saw from the top of his tree a great castle far away.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scotsman:x7:1
# text = On the second morning the Scotsman saw from the top of his tree a great castle far away.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	amod	_	_
4	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Scotsman	Scotsman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
17	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	18	advmod	_	_
18	away	away	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | the Scotsman | a great castle |  | the top of Scotsman's tree | morning | away *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer castle=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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