---
title: scowling — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «scowling» in the school dictionary: Present participle of «scowl»: making an angry, cross face with lowered eyebrows. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# scowling

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** adjective, giant, you, She, scowling face, He · **What happens:** make, lower, look, scowl, sit, lose · **To what, where:** angry cross face, game, window, cake, scowling

<!-- .vabout -->
«scowling» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [scowling in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/scowling.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Present participle of «scowl»: making an angry, cross face with lowered eyebrows.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scowling:m1:1
# text = Present participle of «scowl»: making an angry, cross face with lowered eyebrows.
1	Present	present	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	participle	participle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	scowl	scowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
8	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
10	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	cross	cross	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	lowered	lower	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	amod	_	_
16	eyebrows	eyebrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | gerund |  | a angry cross face |  |  |  | with lowered eyebrows | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset face=Product |
| 2 | **lower** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
adjective Looking angry: «a scowling giant».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scowling:m2:1
# text = adjective Looking angry: «a scowling giant».
1	adjective	adjective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	Looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	scowling	scowl	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	amod	_	_
8	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | gerund | adjective |  |  |  |  | angry *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **scowl** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The giant was scowling at the children.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scowling:x1:1
# text = The giant was scowling at the children.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	giant	giant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	scowling	scowl	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **scowl** | past · progressive | the giant |  |  |  |  | at the children | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why are you scowling?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scowling:x2:1
# text = Why are you scowling?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	scowling	scowl	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **scowl** | present · progressive | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She sat scowling in the corner after losing the game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scowling:x3:1
# text = She sat scowling in the corner after losing the game.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	scowling	scowl	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	corner	corner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	losing	lose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **scowl** | gerund | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in the corner | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in corner=Theme |
| 3 | **lose** | gerund | She *not said here* | the game |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A scowling face looked out of the window.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scowling:x4:1
# text = A scowling face looked out of the window.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	scowling	scowling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look out** | past | a scowling face | the window |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He stopped scowling when he saw the cake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scowling:x5:1
# text = He stopped scowling when he saw the cake.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	scowling	scowl	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **scowl** | gerund | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **see** | past | he | the cake |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cake=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher walked in scowling.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:scowling:x6:1
# text = The teacher walked in scowling.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	scowling	scowling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | past | the teacher |  |  | scowling |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in scowling=Trajectory |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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