---
title: sculling — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sculling» in the school dictionary: Rowing a boat with two oars, one in each hand, or a single oar at the back of the boat. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/sculling/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [S](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/) / sculling

# sculling

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Moving, She, we, He, aunt · **What happens:** row, move, stay, drink, win, practise · **To what, where:** boat, hands, water, whole drink, medal, single sculling

<!-- .vabout -->
«sculling» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sculling in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sculling.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rowing a boat with two oars, one in each hand, or a single oar at the back of the boat.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sculling:m1:1
# text = Rowing a boat with two oars, one in each hand, or a single oar at the back of the boat.
1	Rowing	row	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	csubj	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	oars	oar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	det	_	_
11	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	oar	oar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
17	at	at	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **row** | gerund |  | a boat |  |  |  | with two oars | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent boat=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: swimming — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Moving your hands back and forth in the water to stay still or move gently.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sculling:m2:1
# text = Moving your hands back and forth in the water to stay still or move gently.
1	Moving	move	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	csubj	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	back	back	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	4	conj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
12	still	still	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
15	gently	gently	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | gerund |  | your hands |  | the water |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hand=Theme |
| 2 | **stay** | to-infinitive | Moving |  |  |  | still |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **move** | infinitive | Moving *not said here* |  |  |  |  | gently *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Australia, slang — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Drinking a whole drink very fast in one go (adults, often beer).

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sculling:m3:1
# text = Drinking a whole drink very fast in one go (adults, often beer).
1	Drinking	drink	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	1	advmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	go	go	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	adults	adult	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	often	often	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	beer	beer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drink** | gerund |  | a whole drink |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drink=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She won a medal in single sculling.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sculling:x1:1
# text = She won a medal in single sculling.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	medal	medal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	sculling	sculling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | She | a medal |  | single sculling |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medal=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In swimming we practised sculling to stay afloat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sculling:x2:1
# text = In swimming we practised sculling to stay afloat.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	swimming	swimming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	practised	practise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	sculling	scull	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	afloat	afloat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **practise** | past | we |  |  | swimming |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **scull** | gerund | we *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **stay** | to-infinitive | we *not said here* |  |  |  |  | afloat *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sculling boat glided along the river.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sculling:x3:1
# text = The sculling boat glided along the river.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	sculling	sculling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	glided	glide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	along	along	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **glide** | participle |  | the sculling boat *not said here* |  | the river |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along river=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was sculling with both hands to keep still.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sculling:x4:1
# text = He was sculling with both hands to keep still.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	sculling	scull	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	still	still	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **scull** | past · progressive | He |  |  |  |  | with both hands | tree rules |
| 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive | He *not said here* |  |  |  | still |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My aunt goes sculling on the Thames every Sunday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sculling:x5:1
# text = My aunt goes sculling on the Thames every Sunday.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	aunt	aunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	sculling	scull	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Thames	Thames	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	Sunday	Sunday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | My aunt |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **scull** | gerund | My aunt *not said here* |  |  | the Thames | sunday |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sculling uses two oars, one in each hand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sculling:x6:1
# text = Sculling uses two oars, one in each hand.
1	Sculling	scull	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	nsubj	_	_
2	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	oars	oar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	appos	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **scull** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | present |  | two oars |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oar=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [scullery](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/scullery/)
- next →: [scullion](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/scullion/)
- ↑ back to [S in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/)