---
title: seafaring — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «seafaring» in the school dictionary: Working or travelling on the sea; living by the sea and sailing: «a seafaring nation». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# seafaring

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sailors, sea, Vikings, Sea Rat, seafaring life, Polynesian seafaring · **What happens:** work, travel, live, sail, be, tell · **To what, where:** seafaring nation, sea, seafaring people, tales, islands, Pacific · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«seafaring» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [seafaring in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/seafaring.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Working or travelling on the sea; living by the sea and sailing: «a seafaring nation».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:seafaring:m1:1
# text = Working or travelling on the sea; living by the sea and sailing: «a seafaring nation».
1	Working	work	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	travelling	travel	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	living	live	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	sailing	sail	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	seafaring	seafaring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	nation	nation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | gerund |  | a seafaring nation |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **travel** | gerund |  |  |  | the sea |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on sea=Trajectory |
| 3 | **live** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | by the sea | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by sea=Location |
| 4 | **sail** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The life or work of sailors; travel by sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:seafaring:m2:1
# text = The life or work of sailors; travel by sea.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	sailors	sailor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	travel	travel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** |  | sailors |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: of=agent |
| 2 | **travel** |  | sea |  |  |  |  |  | nom travel «act intransitive»: by=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Vikings were a seafaring people.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:seafaring:x1:1
# text = The Vikings were a seafaring people.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Vikings	Viking	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	seafaring	seafaring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the Vikings | a seafaring people |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Sea Rat told tales of his seafaring life.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:seafaring:x2:1
# text = The Sea Rat told tales of his seafaring life.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Sea	Sea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Rat	Rat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	tales	tale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	seafaring	seafaring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the Sea Rat | tales of Rat's seafaring life |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent tale=Recipient |
| 2 | **tell** |  | Rat's seafaring life |  |  |  |  |  | nom tale «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Polynesian seafaring was so skilled they found islands across the Pacific.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:seafaring:x3:1
# text = Polynesian seafaring was so skilled they found islands across the Pacific.
1	Polynesian	polynesian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	seafaring	seafaring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	skilled	skilled	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	islands	island	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	across	across	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Pacific	Pacific	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Polynesian seafaring |  |  |  |  | skilled *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** | past | they | islands |  | the Pacific |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent island=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My great-grandad came from a seafaring family.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:seafaring:x4:1
# text = My great-grandad came from a seafaring family.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
2	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	grandad	grandad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	seafaring	seafaring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | My great grandad |  |  | a seafaring family |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from family=Initial\_Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Seafaring was hard and dangerous in old times.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:seafaring:x5:1
# text = Seafaring was hard and dangerous in old times.
1	Seafaring	seafaring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Seafaring |  |  |  | time | hard *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Seafaring *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The town has a long seafaring history.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:seafaring:x6:1
# text = The town has a long seafaring history.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	seafaring	seafaring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the town | a long seafaring history |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent history=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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