---
title: secondly — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «secondly» in the school dictionary: Secondly means «in the second place» and is used to give the second point in a list of reasons or steps, after «firstly» or «first». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# secondly

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** It, you, I, Schools, we, knight · **What happens:** mean, use, give, list, help, follow · **To what, where:** second place, second point, list, reasons, reader, argument step

<!-- .vabout -->
«secondly» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [secondly in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/secondly.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Secondly means «in the second place» and is used to give the second point in a list of reasons or steps, after «firstly» or «first».

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:secondly:m1:1
# text = Secondly means «in the second place» and is used to give the second point in a list of reasons or steps, after «firstly» or «first».
1	Secondly	secondly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	_
7	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	16	amod	_	_
16	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	list	list	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	reasons	reason	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	_
22	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
26	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	firstly	firstly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	27	punct	_	_
29	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
30	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  | the second place |  |  |  | secondly *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Topic |
| 2 | **use** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  | firstly *property* | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **give** | to-infinitive |  | the second point |  | a list of reasons or steps |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent point=Theme |
| 4 | **list** |  |  | reasons or steps |  |  |  |  | nom list «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It helps a reader or listener follow an argument step by step.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:secondly:m2:1
# text = It helps a reader or listener follow an argument step by step.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	reader	reader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	listener	listener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	follow	follow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Typo=Yes|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	argument	argument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	step	step	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	step	step	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | It | a reader or listener |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reader=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **follow** | present |  | a argument step |  |  |  | by step | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent step=Theme by step=Trajectory |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Firstly, wash your hands; secondly, put on your apron.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:secondly:x1:1
# text = Firstly, wash your hands; secondly, put on your apron.
1	Firstly	firstly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	wash	wash	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	secondly	secondly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	apron	apron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wash** | imperative | you *not said here* | your hands |  |  |  | firstly, secondly *property* | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
| 2 | **put** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  | your apron |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on apron=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I can't come, firstly because I'm ill and secondly because it's raining.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:secondly:x2:1
# text = I can't come, firstly because I'm ill and secondly because it's raining.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	firstly	firstly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
7	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
12	secondly	secondly	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
13	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	raining	rain	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **come** | can | I |  |  |  |  | firstly *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | ill *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **rain** | present · progressive | it |  |  |  |  | secondly *property* | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Secondly, multiply the answer by three.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:secondly:x3:1
# text = Secondly, multiply the answer by three.
1	Secondly	secondly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	multiply	multiply	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **multiply** | imperative | you *not said here* | the answer |  |  |  | by three; secondly *property* | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent answer=Theme by three=Co-Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Schools should have longer breaks: firstly, we need exercise; secondly, we learn better after playing.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:secondly:x4:1
# text = Schools should have longer breaks: firstly, we need exercise; secondly, we learn better after playing.
1	Schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	longer	long	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	_
5	breaks	break	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	firstly	firstly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	secondly	secondly	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	learn	learn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
17	better	well	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	16	advmod	_	_
18	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
19	playing	play	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | should | Schools | longer breaks |  |  |  | firstly *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent break=Patient |
| 2 | **need** | present | we | exercise |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot exercise=Theme |
| 3 | **learn** | present | we |  |  |  |  | secondly, well *property* | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **play** | gerund | we *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Secondly, the knight rescued the dragon instead of fighting it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:secondly:x5:1
# text = Secondly, the knight rescued the dragon instead of fighting it.
1	Secondly	secondly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	rescued	rescue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	dragon	dragon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=SCONJ	10	mark	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	fighting	fight	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rescue** | past | the knight | the dragon |  |  |  | secondly *property* | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dragon=Theme |
| 2 | **fight** | gerund | the knight *not said here* | dragon |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Co-Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In my persuasive letter, I wrote my second reason after «secondly».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:secondly:x6:1
# text = In my persuasive letter, I wrote my second reason after «secondly».
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	persuasive	persuasive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	10	amod	_	_
10	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	secondly	secondly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | I | my second reason |  | my persuasive letter |  | secondly *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent reason=Theme in letter=Destination |
| 2 | **letter** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom letter «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Secondly, check your answer by doing the opposite operation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:secondly:x7:1
# text = Secondly, check your answer by doing the opposite operation.
1	Secondly	secondly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	check	check	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	doing	do	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	opposite	opposite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	operation	operation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | imperative | you *not said here* | your answer |  |  |  | secondly *property* | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Theme |
| 2 | **do** | gerund | you *not said here* | the opposite operation |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent operation=Eventuality |
| 3 | **answer** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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