---
title: secularism — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «secularism» in the school dictionary: The belief that religion should be kept separate from government, public schools and laws. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# secularism

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** way, France, secularism, government, people, others · **What happens:** keep, live, think, not base, have, rule · **To what, where:** belief, government, that, way, religion, strong rules · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«secularism» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [secularism in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/secularism.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The belief that religion should be kept separate from government, public schools and laws.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:secularism:m1:1
# text = The belief that religion should be kept separate from government, public schools and laws.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	belief	belief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	religion	religion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	acl	_	_
5	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	separate	separate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	appos	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	laws	law	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | should · passive |  | the belief |  | government |  | separate *property* | vn forbid-64.4 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Beneficiary from government=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A way of living or thinking that is not based on religion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:secularism:m2:1
# text = A way of living or thinking that is not based on religion.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	living	live	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	thinking	think	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	conj	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	obj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	based	base	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	religion	religion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | gerund | a way *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | gerund | a way *not said here* | that |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot that=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **base** | present · passive |  | a way |  | religion |  |  | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme on religion=Source |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
France has strong rules of secularism in its schools.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:secularism:x1:1
# text = France has strong rules of secularism in its schools.
1	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	secularism	secularism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | France | strong rules of secularism in secularism's schools |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Patient |
| 2 | **rule** |  | secularism in secularism's schools |  |  |  |  |  | nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Secularism means the government does not favour any religion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:secularism:x2:1
# text = Secularism means the government does not favour any religion.
1	Secularism	secularism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	favour	favour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
8	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	religion	religion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Secularism |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **favour** | present · do-support | the government | any religion |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some people support secularism; others want religion in public life.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:secularism:x3:1
# text = Some people support secularism; others want religion in public life.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	support	support	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	secularism	secularism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	want	want	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	religion	religion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **support** | present | some people | secularism |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer secularism=Stimulus |
| 2 | **want** | present | others | religion |  | public life |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot religion=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The USA's founders wrote secularism into the constitution by separating church and state.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:secularism:x4:1
# text = The USA's founders wrote secularism into the constitution by separating church and state.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	USA	USA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	founders	founder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	secularism	secularism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	constitution	constitution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	separating	separate	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
12	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | the USA's founders | secularism |  | the constitution |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent secularism=Theme |
| 2 | **separate** | gerund | the USA's founders *not said here* | church and state |  |  |  |  | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent church=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Secularism does not mean being against religion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:secularism:x5:1
# text = Secularism does not mean being against religion.
1	Secularism	secularism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	xcomp	_	_
6	against	against	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	religion	religion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **mean** | present · do-support | Secularism |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class debated secularism in schools.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:secularism:x6:1
# text = Our class debated secularism in schools.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	debated	debate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	secularism	secularism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **debate** | participle | Our class | secularism |  | schools |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent secularism=Co-Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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