---
title: selection — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «selection» in the school dictionary: Selection is choosing someone or something from a group. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# selection

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Selection, Natural selection, living things, surroundings, bakery, Team selection · **What happens:** choose, be, suit, survive, have, select · **To what, where:** someone, set, things, living things, wide selection, bread

<!-- .vabout -->
«selection» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [selection in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/selection.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Selection is choosing someone or something from a group.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selection:m1:1
# text = Selection is choosing someone or something from a group.
1	Selection	selection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	choosing	choose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	conj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **choose** | present · progressive | Selection | someone |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A selection is a set of things chosen, or a range of things to choose from.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selection:m2:1
# text = A selection is a set of things chosen, or a range of things to choose from.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	selection	selection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	set	set	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	chosen	choose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	range	range	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	choose	choose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	acl	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a selection | a set or a range of things |  |  |  | of things | tree rules |
| 2 | **choose** | participle |  | things *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **choose** | to-infinitive | a selection *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Natural selection is how living things that suit their surroundings survive and have young.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selection:m3:1
# text = Natural selection is how living things that suit their surroundings survive and have young.
1	Natural	natural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	selection	selection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
5	living	living	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	suit	suit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	surroundings	surroundings	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	11	nsubj	_	_
11	survive	survive	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
14	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Natural selection | living things |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **suit** | present | living things |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **survive** | present | things's surroundings |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **have** | present | living things *not said here* |  |  |  |  | young *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bakery has a wide selection of bread.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selection:x1:1
# text = The bakery has a wide selection of bread.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bakery	bakery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	selection	selection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the bakery | a wide selection of bread |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent selection=Patient |
| 2 | **select** |  |  | bread |  |  |  |  | nom selection «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Team selection is on Friday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selection:x2:1
# text = Team selection is on Friday.
1	Team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	selection	selection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Friday	Friday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Team selection |  |  |  |  | on Friday | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I got a selection box of chocolates.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selection:x3:1
# text = I got a selection box of chocolates.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	selection	selection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	box	box	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	chocolates	chocolate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | I | a selection box of chocolates |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer box=Stimulus |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Natural selection helps animals adapt over many generations.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selection:x4:1
# text = Natural selection helps animals adapt over many generations.
1	Natural	natural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	selection	selection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	adapt	adapt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	generations	generation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Natural selection |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **adapt** | infinitive | animals |  |  |  | over many generations |  | vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Make a selection from the menu.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selection:x5:1
# text = Make a selection from the menu.
1	Make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	selection	selection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	menu	menu	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | imperative | you *not said here* | a selection |  | the menu |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset selection=Product from menu=Material |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There are 4 cakes and 3 drinks; how many different selections of one cake and one drink? (12)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* There are 4 cakes and 3 drinks; how many different selections of one cake and one drink?

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selection:x6:1
# text = There are 4 cakes and 3 drinks; how many different selections of one cake and one drink?
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	cakes	cake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	drinks	drink	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
10	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	selections	selection	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
18	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | 4 cakes and 3 drinks | many different selections of one cake and one drink |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **select** |  |  | one cake |  |  |  |  | nom selection «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (12)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selection:x6:2
# text = (12)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In making my selection I have chiefly tried to make the stories characteristic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selection:x7:1
# text = In making my selection I have chiefly tried to make the stories characteristic.
1	In	in	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	selection	selection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
6	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	chiefly	chiefly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	tried	try	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	compound	_	_
13	characteristic	characteristic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | gerund |  | my selection |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset selection=Product |
| 2 | **try** | present · perfect | I |  |  |  |  | chiefly *property* | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **make** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | the stories characteristic |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset characteristic=Product |
| 4 | **select** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom selection «act transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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