---
title: selvedge — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «selvedge» in the school dictionary: The edge of a piece of woven cloth, made so that it does not fray or unravel. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# selvedge

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** cloth, selvedge, maker, you, arrow, Grandma · **What happens:** weave, make, not fray, unravel, have, print · **To what, where:** edge, name, selvedge, pattern, cloth, quilt

<!-- .vabout -->
«selvedge» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [selvedge in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/selvedge.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The edge of a piece of woven cloth, made so that it does not fray or unravel.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selvedge:m1:1
# text = The edge of a piece of woven cloth, made so that it does not fray or unravel.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	woven	weave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
11	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	16	mark	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	fixed	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
14	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
16	fray	fray	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	unravel	unravel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **weave** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | the edge of a piece of woven cloth *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **not** **fray** | present · do-support | cloth |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **unravel** | infinitive | cloth *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
More widely, an edge or border strip of something, like the edge of a piece of land.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selvedge:m2:1
# text = More widely, an edge or border strip of something, like the edge of a piece of land.
1	More	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
2	widely	widely	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	border	border	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	strip	strip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The selvedge of the cloth had the maker's name printed on it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selvedge:x1:1
# text = The selvedge of the cloth had the maker's name printed on it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	selvedge	selvedge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	maker	maker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
11	printed	print	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the selvedge of the cloth | the maker's name |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient |
| 2 | **print** | participle |  | the maker's name *not said here* |  | selvedge |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on it=Destination |
| 3 | **name** |  | the maker |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pin the pattern so the arrow runs along the selvedge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selvedge:x2:1
# text = Pin the pattern so the arrow runs along the selvedge.
1	Pin	pin	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	pattern	pattern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	arrow	arrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	runs	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
8	along	along	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	selvedge	selvedge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pin** | imperative | you *not said here* | the pattern |  |  |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pattern=Patient |
| 2 | **run** | present | the arrow |  |  | the selvedge |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along selvedge=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The selvedge stops the cloth from fraying.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selvedge:x3:1
# text = The selvedge stops the cloth from fraying.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	selvedge	selvedge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	fraying	fray	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | present | the selvedge | the cloth |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality cloth=Eventuality |
| 2 | **fray** | gerund | the selvedge *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma cut off the selvedge before sewing the quilt.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selvedge:x4:1
# text = Grandma cut off the selvedge before sewing the quilt.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	off	off	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	selvedge	selvedge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	sewing	sew	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	quilt	quilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut off** | participle | Grandma *not said here* | the selvedge |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector selvedge=Eventuality |
| 2 | **sew** | gerund | Grandma *not said here* | the quilt |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quilt=Product |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The denim had a neat red stripe on its selvedge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selvedge:x5:1
# text = The denim had a neat red stripe on its selvedge.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	denim	denim	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	neat	neat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	stripe	stripe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	selvedge	selvedge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the denim | a neat red stripe |  | denim's selvedge |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stripe=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Weavers make a tight selvedge on each side of the loom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:selvedge:x6:1
# text = Weavers make a tight selvedge on each side of the loom.
1	Weavers	weaver	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	tight	tight	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	selvedge	selvedge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	loom	loom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Weavers | a tight selvedge |  | each side of the loom |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset selvedge=Product |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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