---
title: sepsis — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sepsis» in the school dictionary: A very serious illness that happens when the body's fight against an infection goes wrong and starts to harm its own organs. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sepsis

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** serious illness, body, germs, Sepsis, nurse, Doctors · **What happens:** happen, go, start, harm, fight, poison · **To what, where:** fight, infection, own organs, body, small cut, emergency · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«sepsis» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sepsis in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sepsis.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: medicine — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A very serious illness that happens when the body's fight against an infection goes wrong and starts to harm its own organs.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sepsis:m1:1
# text = A very serious illness that happens when the body's fight against an infection goes wrong and starts to harm its own organs.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	very	very	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	serious	serious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	illness	illness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	fight	fight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	against	against	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	infection	infection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
15	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	starts	start	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	harm	harm	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
21	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
22	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	organs	organ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | present | a serious illness | the body's fight |  | a infection |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme against infection=Location |
| 2 | **go** | present | a serious illness |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **start** | present | a serious illness *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **harm** | to-infinitive | a serious illness *not said here* | illness's own organs |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus organ=Experiencer |
| 5 | **fight** |  | the body |  |  |  |  |  | nom fight «act transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: older use — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Any poisoning of the body by germs from a wound or infection.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sepsis:m2:1
# text = Any poisoning of the body by germs from a wound or infection.
1	Any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	poisoning	poisoning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	wound	wound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	infection	infection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **poison** |  | germs from a wound or infection | the body |  |  |  |  | nom poisoning «state transitive»: of=patient by=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sepsis can start from a small cut that gets badly infected.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sepsis:x1:1
# text = Sepsis can start from a small cut that gets badly infected.
1	Sepsis	sepsis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	start	start	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cut	cut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	gets	get	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
10	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	11	advmod	_	_
11	infected	infect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | can | Sepsis |  |  | a small cut |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **infect** | present · passive |  | a small cut |  |  |  | badly *property* | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nurse said sepsis is an emergency and needs treatment fast.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sepsis:x2:1
# text = The nurse said sepsis is an emergency and needs treatment fast.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nurse	nurse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	sepsis	sepsis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	emergency	emergency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	treatment	treatment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the nurse |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | sepsis | a emergency |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **need** | present | the nurse *not said here* | treatment |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot treatment=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Doctors gave him antibiotics to fight the sepsis.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sepsis:x3:1
# text = Doctors gave him antibiotics to fight the sepsis.
1	Doctors	doctor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	antibiotics	antibiotic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	fight	fight	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sepsis	sepsis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | Doctors | antibiotics | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient antibiotic=Theme |
| 2 | **fight** | to-infinitive | Doctors *not said here* | the sepsis |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sepsis=Co-Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Before germs were understood, many soldiers died of sepsis after battles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sepsis:x4:1
# text = Before germs were understood, many soldiers died of sepsis after battles.
1	Before	before	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	understood	understand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	sepsis	sepsis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	after	after	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	battles	battle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **understand** | past · passive |  |  |  |  | before germs |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V» |
| 2 | **die** | past | many soldiers |  |  |  | after battles | of sepsis | vn die-42.4-1 «NP V PP.cause»: agent=Patient of sepsis=Causer |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keep a scrape clean so it does not get infected.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sepsis:x5:1
# text = Keep a scrape clean so it does not get infected.
1	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	scrape	scrape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
10	infected	infected	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* | a scrape |  |  |  | clean *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scrape=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **get** | present · do-support | scrape |  |  |  |  | infected *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If someone is very ill, confused and breathing fast, an adult should ask a doctor about sepsis.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sepsis:x6:1
# text = If someone is very ill, confused and breathing fast, an adult should ask a doctor about sepsis.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	confused	confused	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	breathing	breathe	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	_
10	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
14	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	ask	ask	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	about	about	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	sepsis	sepsis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | someone |  |  |  |  | ill *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **breathe** | gerund | someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **ask** *speech: ask* | should | a adult | a doctor |  |  |  | about sepsis | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP PP.topic»: agent=Agent doctor=Recipient about sepsis=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Florence Nightingale's clean hospitals helped cut deaths from infection.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sepsis:x7:1
# text = Florence Nightingale's clean hospitals helped cut deaths from infection.
1	Florence	Florence	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	_
2	Nightingale	Nightingale	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
4	clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	hospitals	hospital	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	deaths	death	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	infection	infection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | past | Florence's clean hospitals | cut deaths |  | infection |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent death=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **cut** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She spent a week in hospital with sepsis but made a full recovery.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sepsis:x8:1
# text = She spent a week in hospital with sepsis but made a full recovery.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spent	spend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	hospital	hospital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	sepsis	sepsis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	recovery	recovery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | past | She |  |  | hospital | week | with sepsis | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **make** | past | She *not said here* | a full recovery |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset recovery=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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