---
title: services — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «services» in the school dictionary: Work done for people by someone, rather than goods made (cleaning, hairdressing, banking). Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# services

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Systems, everyone, Police, Hairdressers, We, town · **What happens:** do, make, supply, need, be, sell · **To what, where:** Work, goods, things, emergency services, services, motorway services

<!-- .vabout -->
«services» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [services in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/services.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Work done for people by someone, rather than goods made (cleaning, hairdressing, banking).

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:services:m1:1
# text = Work done for people by someone, rather than goods made (cleaning, hairdressing, banking).
1	Work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl:agent	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	rather	rather	ADV	RB	ExtPos=CCONJ	10	cc	_	_
9	than	than	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	6	conj	_	_
11	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	cleaning	cleaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	hairdressing	hairdressing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	banking	banking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | participle |  | Work *not said here* |  |  |  | by someone | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | goods *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Systems that supply things everyone needs: water, electricity, buses, health care (public services).

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:services:m2:1
# text = Systems that supply things everyone needs: water, electricity, buses, health care (public services).
1	Systems	system	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	supply	supply	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	6	nsubj	_	_
6	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	buses	bus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	health	health	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	care	care	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **supply** | present | Systems | things |  |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Recipient |
| 2 | **need** | present | everyone | things *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot thing=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Emergency services: police, fire brigade, ambulance, coastguard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:services:m3:1
# text = Emergency services: police, fire brigade, ambulance, coastguard.
1	Emergency	emergency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
4	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	brigade	brigade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	ambulance	ambulance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	coastguard	coastguard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A place beside a motorway with fuel, food and toilets (motorway services).

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:services:m4:1
# text = A place beside a motorway with fuel, food and toilets (motorway services).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	motorway	motorway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	fuel	fuel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	toilets	toilet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
12	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	motorway	motorway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Religious ceremonies (church services).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:services:m5:1
# text = Religious ceremonies (church services).
1	Religious	religious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	ceremonies	ceremony	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The armed forces (the services).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:services:m6:1
# text = The armed forces (the services).
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	armed	armed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Police, fire and ambulance are the emergency services.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:services:x1:1
# text = Police, fire and ambulance are the emergency services.
1	Police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	ambulance	ambulance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	emergency	emergency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Police and fire and ambulance | the emergency services |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hairdressers and plumbers sell services, not goods.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:services:x2:1
# text = Hairdressers and plumbers sell services, not goods.
1	Hairdressers	hairdresser	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	plumbers	plumber	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	sell	sell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | present | Hairdressers and plumbers | services and goods |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent service=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We stopped at the motorway services for a snack.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:services:x3:1
# text = We stopped at the motorway services for a snack.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	motorway	motorway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	snack	snack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | past | We |  |  | the motorway services |  | for a snack | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at service=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The town pays for services like libraries and bin collections.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:services:x4:1
# text = The town pays for services like libraries and bin collections.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pays	pay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	libraries	library	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	bin	bin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	collections	collection	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | present | the town |  |  |  |  | for services like libraries and bin collections | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for service=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There are two church services every Sunday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:services:x5:1
# text = There are two church services every Sunday.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
4	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	Sunday	Sunday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | two church services |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa was in the services when he was young.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:services:x6:1
# text = Grandpa was in the services when he was young.
1	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past |  |  |  | the Grandpa services |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | he |  |  |  |  | young *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The internet company offers many online services.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:services:x7:1
# text = The internet company offers many online services.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	internet	internet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	offers	offer	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	online	online	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **offer** | present | the internet company | many online services |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent service=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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