---
title: severe — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «severe» in the school dictionary: Very bad, serious or harmful. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/severe/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [S](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/) / severe

# severe

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** severe weather warning, She, storm, He, they, headmistress · **What happens:** be, have, cause, go, close, drink · **To what, where:** severe nut allergy, severe damage, severe pain, tummy, hospital, severe look

<!-- .vabout -->
«severe» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [severe in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/severe.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very bad, serious or harmful.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:severe:m1:1
# text = Very bad, serious or harmful.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	serious	serious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	harmful	harmful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very strict and harsh.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:severe:m2:1
# text = Very strict and harsh.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	strict	strict	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	harsh	harsh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very plain, with no decoration.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:severe:m3:1
# text = Very plain, with no decoration.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	plain	plain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	det	_	_
6	decoration	decoration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is a severe weather warning for snow tonight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:severe:x1:1
# text = There is a severe weather warning for snow tonight.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	severe	severe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	tonight	tonight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a severe weather warning for snow |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She has a severe nut allergy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:severe:x2:1
# text = She has a severe nut allergy.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	severe	severe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	nut	nut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	allergy	allergy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | She | a severe nut allergy |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent allergy=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The storm caused severe damage to the houses.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:severe:x3:1
# text = The storm caused severe damage to the houses.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	severe	severe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | the storm | severe damage |  |  |  | to the houses | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition damage=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He had severe pain in his tummy, so they went to hospital.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:severe:x4:1
# text = He had severe pain in his tummy, so they went to hospital.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	severe	severe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	tummy	tummy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	hospital	hospital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | He | severe pain |  | his tummy |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pain=Patient |
| 2 | **go** | past | they |  |  | hospital |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to hospital=Initial\_Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The headmistress had a severe look on her face.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:severe:x5:1
# text = The headmistress had a severe look on her face.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	headmistress	headmistress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	severe	severe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	look	look	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the headmistress | a severe look |  | headmistress's face |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent look=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Severe flooding closed the roads.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:severe:x6:1
# text = Severe flooding closed the roads.
1	Severe	severe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	flooding	flooding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	closed	close	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close** | past | Severe flooding | the roads |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The punishment was too severe for such a small mistake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:severe:x7:1
# text = The punishment was too severe for such a small mistake.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	punishment	punishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	too	too	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	severe	severe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	10	det:predet	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the punishment |  |  |  |  | for such small mistake; severe *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In severe heat, drink lots of water and stay in the shade.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:severe:x8:1
# text = In severe heat, drink lots of water and stay in the shade.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	severe	severe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	drink	drink	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	stay	stay	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	shade	shade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drink** | imperative | you *not said here* | lots of water |  | severe heat |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient |
| 2 | **stay** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  | the shade |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in shade=Location |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Once upon a time a severe plague raged among the animals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:severe:x9:1
# text = Once upon a time a severe plague raged among the animals.
1	Once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	0	root	_	_
2	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	severe	severe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	plague	plague	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
8	raged	rage	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	among	among	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rage** | participle |  | a severe plague *not said here* |  |  |  | among the animals | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among animal=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [severance](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/severance/)
- next →: [severely](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/severely/)
- ↑ back to [S in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/)