---
title: shameful — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «shameful» in the school dictionary: Causing shame; so bad or wrong that people should feel ashamed of it. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# shameful

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** people, Cheating, they, way, He, park · **What happens:** cause, feel, be, laugh, fall over, cheat · **To what, where:** shame, someone, test, shameful thing, way, new girl

<!-- .vabout -->
«shameful» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [shameful in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/shameful.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Causing shame; so bad or wrong that people should feel ashamed of it.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shameful:m1:1
# text = Causing shame; so bad or wrong that people should feel ashamed of it.
1	Causing	cause	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	shame	shame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
10	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
12	ashamed	ashamed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	xcomp	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | gerund |  | shame |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition shame=Patient |
| 2 | **feel** | should | people |  |  |  |  | ashamed *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Disgraceful; shocking in a bad way.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shameful:m2:1
# text = Disgraceful; shocking in a bad way.
1	Disgraceful	Disgraceful	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	shocking	shocking	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's shameful to laugh at someone who has fallen over.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shameful:x1:1
# text = It's shameful to laugh at someone who has fallen over.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	expl	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	shameful	shameful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	laugh	laugh	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obl	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
9	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	acl:relcl	_	_
11	over	over	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | shameful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **laugh** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | someone |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **fall over** | present · perfect |  |  |  |  |  | over *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cheating in the test was a shameful thing to do.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shameful:x2:1
# text = Cheating in the test was a shameful thing to do.
1	Cheating	cheat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	csubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	shameful	shameful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cheat** | gerund |  |  |  | the test |  |  | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Cheating | a shameful thing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The way they treated the new girl was shameful.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shameful:x3:1
# text = The way they treated the new girl was shameful.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	treated	treat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	shameful	shameful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **treat** | past | they | the way *not said here* | the new girl |  |  |  | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent girl=Recipient |
| 2 | **is** | past | the way |  |  |  |  | shameful *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He kept the shameful secret for years.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shameful:x4:1
# text = He kept the shameful secret for years.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	shameful	shameful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	secret	secret	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | He | the shameful secret |  |  | year |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent secret=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is shameful that the park is full of litter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shameful:x5:1
# text = It is shameful that the park is full of litter.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	expl	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	shameful	shameful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	litter	litter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | shameful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | the park |  |  |  |  | of litter; full *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leaving the dog without water all day was shameful.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shameful:x6:1
# text = Leaving the dog without water all day was shameful.
1	Leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	csubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	without	without	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl:unmarked	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	shameful	shameful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | gerund |  | the dog |  |  | day | without water | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | Leaving |  |  |  |  | shameful *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What a shameful day for me!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shameful:x7:1
# text = What a shameful day for me!
1	What	what	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	4	det:predet	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	shameful	shameful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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