---
title: shift — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «shift» in the school dictionary: To shift means to move something from one place or position to another. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# shift

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** shift, night shift, shift key, you, me, wind · **What happens:** shift, mean, move, change, be, make · **To what, where:** something, one place, change, set period, work, capital letters · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«shift» in the school dictionary: its 7 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [shift in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/shift.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To shift means to move something from one place or position to another.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:m1:1
# text = To shift means to move something from one place or position to another.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	shift	shift	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shift** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **move** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | something |  | one place to another or position |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent something=Theme from place=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"help me shift this table".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:m1e:1
# text = "help me shift this table".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	help	help	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	shift	shift	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* | me |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **shift** *in a quote* | infinitive | me *not said here* | this table |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer table=Patient |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To shift also means to change.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:m2:1
# text = To shift also means to change.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	shift	shift	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shift** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **change** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"the wind shifted to the north".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:m2e:1
# text = "the wind shifted to the north".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shifted	shift	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shift** *in a quote* | participle | the wind |  |  |  |  | to the north *result* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to north=Result |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A shift is a change.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:m3:1
# text = A shift is a change.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shift	shift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a shift | a change |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"a shift in the weather".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:m3e:1
# text = "a shift in the weather".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	shift	shift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A shift is a set period of work, for example in a hospital or factory; a night shift is work at night.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:m4:1
# text = A shift is a set period of work, for example in a hospital or factory; a night shift is work at night.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shift	shift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	set	set	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	hospital	hospital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	factory	factory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	shift	shift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
22	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	_
23	at	at	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a shift | a set period |  |  |  | of work; for example in a hospital or factory | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a night shift | work |  |  | night |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shift key on a keyboard makes capital letters.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:m5:1
# text = The shift key on a keyboard makes capital letters.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	shift	shift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	key	key	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	keyboard	keyboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the shift key on a keyboard | capital letters |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material letter=Product |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK, informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To shift can mean to move fast or to get rid of something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:m6:1
# text = To shift can mean to move fast or to get rid of something.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	shift	shift	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
11	rid	rid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shift** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | can |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **move** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **get** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | rid *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"that car can really shift", "I need to shift this cold".

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:m6e:1
# text = "that car can really shift", "I need to shift this cold".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	really	really	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	shift	shift	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	shift	shift	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
14	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	15	det	_	_
15	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shift** *in a quote* | can | that car |  |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **need** *in a quote* | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **shift** *not said to happen, in a quote* | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | this cold |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer cold=Patient |

## Meaning 7 {#m7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An old word for a loose, simple dress or undergarment worn by women is also called a shift.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:m7:1
# text = An old word for a loose, simple dress or undergarment worn by women is also called a shift.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
6	loose	loose	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	simple	simple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	dress	dress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	undergarment	undergarment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	worn	wear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl:agent	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
16	also	also	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	shift	shift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | participle |  | a loose simple dress or undergarment *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **call** | present · passive |  | a old word for a loose simple dress or undergarment |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can you help me shift the sofa?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:x1:1
# text = Can you help me shift the sofa?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	shift	shift	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sofa	sofa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | can | you | me |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **shift** | infinitive | me *not said here* | the sofa |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer sofa=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wind shifted and the rain came in.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:x2:1
# text = The wind shifted and the rain came in.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shifted	shift	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shift** | past | the wind |  |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **come in** | past | the rain |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My mum works the night shift at the hospital.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:x3:1
# text = My mum works the night shift at the hospital.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	shift	shift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hospital	hospital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | present | My mum | the night shift |  | the hospital |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent shift=Material |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each shift is 8 hours long, so three shifts cover the whole day.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:x4:1
# text = Each shift is 8 hours long, so three shifts cover the whole day.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	shift	shift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	shifts	shift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	cover	cover	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | each shift |  |  |  | hour | long *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **cover** | present | three shifts |  |  |  | day |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Press shift to type a capital letter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:x5:1
# text = Press shift to type a capital letter.
1	Press	press	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	shift	shift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	type	type	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **type** | to-infinitive |  | a capital letter |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shift the triangle 4 squares to the left.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:x6:1
# text = Shift the triangle 4 squares to the left.
1	Shift	shift	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	triangle	triangle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	squares	square	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	left	left	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shift** | imperative | you *not said here* | the triangle |  |  |  | to the left *result* | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient NP.extent PP.initial\_state PP.result»: agent=Causer triangle=Patient square=Extent to left=Result |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't try to shift the blame onto me!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:x7:1
# text = Don't try to shift the blame onto me!
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	try	try	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	shift	shift	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	blame	blame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **try** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **shift** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the blame |  |  |  | onto me | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer blame=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Come on, shift, we're late!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:x8:1
# text = Come on, shift, we're late!
1	Come	come	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	on	on	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	shift	shift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	're	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come on** | imperative | you *not said here* | shift |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | we |  |  |  |  | late *property* | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"If you'll marry me, I'll give you back your shift."

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shift:x9:1
# text = "If you'll marry me, I'll give you back your shift."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	marry	marry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
11	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	iobj	_	_
12	back	back	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
13	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	shift	shift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **marry** *in a quote* | future | you | me |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient |
| 2 | **give back** *in a quote* | future | I | your shift | you |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient shift=Theme |
| 3 | **shift** *in a quote* |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom shift «event transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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