---
title: shin — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «shin» in the school dictionary: Your shin is the front part of your leg between your knee and your ankle. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# shin

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** shin, I, Footballers, He, ball, boy · **What happens:** be, shin up, mean, climb, use, bang · **To what, where:** front part, something, it, arms, shin, table · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«shin» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [shin in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/shin.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your shin is the front part of your leg between your knee and your ankle.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shin:m1:1
# text = Your shin is the front part of your leg between your knee and your ankle.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	shin	shin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	front	front	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	leg	leg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	between	between	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	knee	knee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	ankle	ankle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Your shin | the front part and your ankle |  |  |  | of your leg between your knee | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To shin up something means to climb it quickly using your arms and legs.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shin:m2:1
# text = To shin up something means to climb it quickly using your arms and legs.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	shin	shin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	climb	climb	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
10	using	use	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
11	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shin up** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **climb** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | it |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location it=Theme |
| 4 | **use** | gerund |  | your arms and legs |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I banged my shin on the table.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shin:x1:1
# text = I banged my shin on the table.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	banged	bang	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	shin	shin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bang** | past | I | my shin |  | the table |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent shin=Theme on table=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Footballers wear shin pads.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shin:x2:1
# text = Footballers wear shin pads.
1	Footballers	footballer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wear	wear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	shin	shin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	pads	pad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | present | Footballers | shin pads |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent pad=Source |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He got a bruise on his shin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shin:x3:1
# text = He got a bruise on his shin.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bruise	bruise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	shin	shin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | He | a bruise |  | his shin |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent bruise=Theme on shin=Source |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ball hit her right on the shin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shin:x4:1
# text = The ball hit her right on the shin.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hit	hit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	right	right	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	shin	shin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hit** | past | the ball | her *= she* |  |  |  | on the shin; right *property* | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent she=Instrument on shin=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The boy shinned up the tree to get his kite.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shin:x5:1
# text = The boy shinned up the tree to get his kite.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shinned	shin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	kite	kite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shin up** | past | the boy | the tree |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** | to-infinitive | the boy *not said here* | boy's kite |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer kite=Stimulus |
| 3 | **kite** |  | boy |  |  |  |  |  | nom kite «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shin bone is called the tibia.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shin:x6:1
# text = The shin bone is called the tibia.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	shin	shin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	tibia	tibia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | the shin bone |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My shins ache after running.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shin:x7:1
# text = My shins ache after running.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	shins	shin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ache	ache	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	running	run	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ache** | present | My shins |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **run** | gerund | My shins *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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