---
title: shiner — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «shiner» in the school dictionary: A black eye: a bruise round the eye from a punch or a knock. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# shiner

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Jake, you, Mum, He, boxer, We · **What happens:** shine, come, get, ask, walk, have · **To what, where:** school, shiner, door, three shiners, creek, real shiner · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«shiner» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [shiner in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/shiner.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A black eye: a bruise round the eye from a punch or a knock.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shiner:m1:1
# text = A black eye: a bruise round the eye from a punch or a knock.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bruise	bruise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
7	round	round	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	punch	punch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	knock	knock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Something or someone that shines, like a shiny coin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shiner:m2:1
# text = Something or someone that shines, like a shiny coin.
1	Something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	conj	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	shines	shine	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	shiny	shiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	coin	coin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shine** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A kind of small silver fish (in North America).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shiner:m3:1
# text = A kind of small silver fish (in North America).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	silver	silver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jake came to school with a shiner after the football match.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shiner:x1:1
# text = Jake came to school with a shiner after the football match.
1	Jake	Jake	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	shiner	shiner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	after	after	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Jake |  |  | school | after the football match | with a shiner | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to school=Initial\_Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Where did you get that shiner?» asked Mum.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shiner:x2:1
# text = «Where did you get that shiner?» asked Mum.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	5	advmod	_	_
3	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	_
6	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	shiner	shiner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
10	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** *in a quote* | past · do-support | you | that shiner |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer shiner=Stimulus |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | Mum |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He walked into a door and got a shiner.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shiner:x3:1
# text = He walked into a door and got a shiner.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	shiner	shiner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | past | He |  |  |  |  | into a door *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into door=Result |
| 2 | **get** | past | He *not said here* | a shiner |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer shiner=Stimulus |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The boxer had a shiner the next day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shiner:x4:1
# text = The boxer had a shiner the next day.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	boxer	boxer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	shiner	shiner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the boxer | a shiner |  |  | day |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shiner=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We caught three shiners in the creek.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shiner:x5:1
# text = We caught three shiners in the creek.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	caught	catch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	shiners	shiner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	creek	creek	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch** | past | We | three shiners |  | the creek |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shiner=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The new coin was a real shiner.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shiner:x6:1
# text = The new coin was a real shiner.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	coin	coin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	shiner	shiner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the new coin | a real shiner |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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