---
title: shire — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «shire» in the school dictionary: A shire is an old word for a county, a large area of a country; many English counties end in «-shire», such as Yorkshire and Lancashire. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# shire

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** shire, many English counties, Shire horse, Yorkshire counties, local shire council, Shire horses · **What happens:** be, end, collect, pull, live, weigh · **To what, where:** old word, shire, local council area, peaceful home, large strong farm horse, England · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«shire» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [shire in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/shire.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A shire is an old word for a county, a large area of a country; many English counties end in «-shire», such as Yorkshire and Lancashire.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shire:m1:1
# text = A shire is an old word for a county, a large area of a country; many English counties end in «-shire», such as Yorkshire and Lancashire.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shire	shire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	county	county	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
19	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	counties	county	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
21	end	end	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	shire	shire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	30	case	_	_
29	as	as	ADP	IN	_	28	fixed	_	_
30	Yorkshire	Yorkshire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	appos	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	Lancashire	Lancashire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a shire | a old word and a large area of a country |  |  |  | for a county | tree rules |
| 2 | **end** | present | many English counties |  |  | shire |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Australia — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A shire is a country local council area with its own council.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shire:m2:1
# text = A shire is a country local council area with its own council.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shire	shire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a shire | a local council area |  |  |  | with country's own council | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Shire is the peaceful home of the hobbits in Tolkien's books.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shire:m3:1
# text = The Shire is the peaceful home of the hobbits in Tolkien's books.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Shire	Shire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	peaceful	peaceful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hobbits	hobbit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	Tolkien	Tolkien	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
13	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Shire | the peaceful home |  |  |  | of the hobbits in Tolkien's books | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A Shire horse is a very large, strong farm horse from England.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shire:m4:1
# text = A Shire horse is a very large, strong farm horse from England.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Shire	Shire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	England	England	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a Shire horse | a large strong farm horse |  | England |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yorkshire and Lancashire are counties ending in -shire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shire:x1:1
# text = Yorkshire and Lancashire are counties ending in -shire.
1	Yorkshire	Yorkshire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	Lancashire	Lancashire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	counties	county	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	ending	end	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	shire	shire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Yorkshire counties |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **end** | gerund | Yorkshire counties *not said here* |  |  | shire |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Australia, the local shire council collects the rubbish.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shire:x2:1
# text = In Australia, the local shire council collects the rubbish.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	shire	shire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	collects	collect	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **collect** | present | the local shire council | the rubbish |  | Australia |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rubbish=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shire horses once pulled ploughs on farms.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shire:x3:1
# text = Shire horses once pulled ploughs on farms.
1	Shire	Shire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	4	advmod	_	_
4	pulled	pull	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	ploughs	plough	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	farms	farm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull** | past | Shire horses | ploughs |  | farms |  | once *property* | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plough=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Frodo and Bilbo lived in the Shire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shire:x4:1
# text = Frodo and Bilbo lived in the Shire.
1	Frodo	Frodo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	Bilbo	Bilbo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Shire	Shire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | Frodo and Bilbo |  |  | the Shire |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in shire=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A Shire horse can weigh as much as a small car.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shire:x5:1
# text = A Shire horse can weigh as much as a small car.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Shire	Shire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	weigh	weigh	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	as	as	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obj	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **weigh** | can | a Shire horse | much |  |  |  | as a small car | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme much=Value |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The road sign said «Welcome to the Shire of Broome».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shire:x6:1
# text = The road sign said «Welcome to the Shire of Broome».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Welcome	welcome	INTJ	UH	_	9	discourse	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Shire	Shire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	ccomp	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Broome	Broome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the road sign |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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