---
title: shock — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «shock» in the school dictionary: A shock is a sudden surprise, usually an unpleasant one, that upsets you. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# shock

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** shock, unpleasant one, electric shock, you, electricity, medicine shock · **What happens:** be, upset, feel, go, shake, shock · **To what, where:** sudden surprise, you, painful jolt, body, dangerous state, sudden strong bump · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«shock» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [shock in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/shock.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A shock is a sudden surprise, usually an unpleasant one, that upsets you.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shock:m1:1
# text = A shock is a sudden surprise, usually an unpleasant one, that upsets you.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shock	shock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	surprise	surprise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	unpleasant	unpleasant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	upsets	upset	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
15	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a shock | a sudden surprise |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **upset** | present | a unpleasant one | you |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus you=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An electric shock is the painful jolt you feel when electricity goes through your body.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shock:m2:1
# text = An electric shock is the painful jolt you feel when electricity goes through your body.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	electric	electric	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	shock	shock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	painful	painful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	jolt	jolt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	feel	feel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	12	mark	_	_
11	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
13	through	through	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a electric shock | the painful jolt |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **feel** | present | you | the painful jolt *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **go** | present | electricity |  |  | your body |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme through body=Initial\_Location |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In medicine, shock is a dangerous state after a serious injury or fright when the body is very weak.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shock:m3:1
# text = In medicine, shock is a dangerous state after a serious injury or fright when the body is very weak.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	shock	shock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	after	after	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	serious	serious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	injury	injury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	fright	fright	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
15	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	20	mark	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	very	very	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	weak	weak	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | medicine shock | a dangerous state |  |  | after a serious injury or fright |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | the body |  |  |  |  | weak *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A shock can be a sudden strong bump or shake, like the shock of an earthquake.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shock:m4:1
# text = A shock can be a sudden strong bump or shake, like the shock of an earthquake.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shock	shock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	bump	bump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	shake	shake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	shock	shock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	earthquake	earthquake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | a shock | a sudden strong bump |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **shake** | infinitive | a shock *not said here* | the shock of a earthquake |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent shock=Patient |
| 3 | **shock** |  |  | a earthquake |  |  |  |  | nom shock «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To shock someone means to surprise and upset them, or make them think something is very wrong.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shock:m5:1
# text = To shock someone means to surprise and upset them, or make them think something is very wrong.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	shock	shock	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	surprise	surprise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	upset	upset	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	think	think	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	_
15	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	18	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	very	very	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shock** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus someone=Experiencer |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **surprise** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **upset** | infinitive |  | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer |
| 5 | **make** | infinitive |  | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **think** *speech: other* | infinitive | them *= they* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **is** | present | something |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A shock of hair is a thick messy mass of it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shock:m6:1
# text = A shock of hair is a thick messy mass of it.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shock	shock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	messy	messy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a shock of hair | a thick messy mass |  |  |  | of mass | tree rules |
| 2 | **shock** |  |  | hair |  |  |  |  | nom shock «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was a shock when our teacher said she was leaving.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shock:x1:1
# text = It was a shock when our teacher said she was leaving.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	shock	shock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
6	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
9	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | a shock |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | our teacher |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **leave** | past · progressive | teacher |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never touch a socket with wet hands or you could get an electric shock.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shock:x2:1
# text = Never touch a socket with wet hands or you could get an electric shock.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	touch	touch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	socket	socket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	electric	electric	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	shock	shock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **touch** | imperative | you *not said here* | a socket |  |  |  | with wet hands | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent socket=Experiencer with hand=Instrument |
| 2 | **get** | could | you | a electric shock |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer shock=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The news shocked the whole town.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shock:x3:1
# text = The news shocked the whole town.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shocked	shock	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shock** | past | the news | the whole town |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus town=Experiencer |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After the crash, the driver was in shock.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shock:x4:1
# text = After the crash, the driver was in shock.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	crash	crash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	driver	driver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	shock	shock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the driver |  |  | shock | after the crash |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I got a small shock of static from the door handle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shock:x5:1
# text = I got a small shock of static from the door handle.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	shock	shock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	static	static	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	handle	handle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | I | a small shock |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer shock=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ending of the story was a real shock.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shock:x6:1
# text = The ending of the story was a real shock.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ending	ending	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	shock	shock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the ending of the story | a real shock |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **end** |  |  | the story |  |  |  |  | nom ending «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bikes have shock absorbers to make the ride smoother.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shock:x7:1
# text = Bikes have shock absorbers to make the ride smoother.
1	Bikes	bike	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	shock	shock	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	absorbers	absorber	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	ride	ride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	smoother	smoother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Bikes | shock absorbers |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent absorber=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | Bikes *not said here* | the ride smoother |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset smoother=Product |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He had a shock of red hair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shock:x8:1
# text = He had a shock of red hair.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	shock	shock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | He | a shock of red hair |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shock=Patient |
| 2 | **shock** |  |  | red hair |  |  |  |  | nom shock «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shock was too much for him.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shock:x9:1
# text = The shock was too much for him.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shock	shock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	too	too	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the shock |  |  |  |  | for him *= he*; much *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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