---
title: shoemaker — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «shoemaker» in the school dictionary: A person whose job is making or repairing shoes and boots. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# shoemaker

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, shoemaker, elves, village, father, water · **What happens:** make, repair, cut, have, fix, use · **To what, where:** shoes, leather, shoemaker, hole, boot, hammer · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«shoemaker» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [shoemaker in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/shoemaker.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person whose job is making or repairing shoes and boots.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shoemaker:m1:1
# text = A person whose job is making or repairing shoes and boots.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	repairing	repair	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
9	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	boots	boot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · progressive | a person |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **repair** | gerund | a person *not said here* | shoes and boots |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent shoe=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: stories — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A character in fairy tales, like "The Elves and the Shoemaker".

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shoemaker:m2:1
# text = A character in fairy tales, like "The Elves and the Shoemaker".
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	fairy	fairy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	tales	tale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Elves	Elf	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Shoemaker	shoemaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shoemaker cut the leather carefully.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shoemaker:x1:1
# text = The shoemaker cut the leather carefully.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shoemaker	shoemaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	cut	cut	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	leather	leather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | past | the shoemaker | the leather |  |  |  | carefully *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset leather=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In "The Elves and the Shoemaker", elves make shoes at night.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shoemaker:x2:1
# text = In "The Elves and the Shoemaker", elves make shoes at night.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Elves	Elf	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Shoemaker	shoemaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
10	elves	elf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | elves | shoes |  |  | night | in the Elves and the Shoemaker | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoe=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Long ago, every village had a shoemaker.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shoemaker:x3:1
# text = Long ago, every village had a shoemaker.
1	Long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	_
2	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	shoemaker	shoemaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | every village | a shoemaker |  |  |  | ago *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoemaker=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shoemaker fixed the hole in my boot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shoemaker:x4:1
# text = The shoemaker fixed the hole in my boot.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shoemaker	shoemaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fixed	fix	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	boot	boot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fix** | past | the shoemaker | the hole |  | my boot |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent hole=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A shoemaker uses a hammer, nails and thread.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shoemaker:x5:1
# text = A shoemaker uses a hammer, nails and thread.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shoemaker	shoemaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hammer	hammer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	nails	nail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	thread	thread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | a shoemaker | a hammer and nails and thread |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hammer=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My great-grandmother's father was a shoemaker.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shoemaker:x6:1
# text = My great-grandmother's father was a shoemaker.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
2	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	grandmother	grandmother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	shoemaker	shoemaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | My great grandmother's father | a shoemaker |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Where is the water, wife?" said the shoemaker.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shoemaker:x7:1
# text = "Where is the water, wife?" said the shoemaker.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	10	advmod	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	shoemaker	shoemaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | the water and wife |  |  |  |  | where *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | the shoemaker |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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