---
title: shop — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «shop» in the school dictionary: A shop is a place where you buy things. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# shop

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** shop, you, workshop, Shopping, shops, I · **What happens:** be, buy, make, fix, mean, drop · **To what, where:** place, things, local shopping street, shop, someone, stiff words · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«shop» in the school dictionary: its 8 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [shop in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/shop.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A shop is a place where you buy things.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:m1:1
# text = A shop is a place where you buy things.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	8	advmod	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	buy	buy	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a shop | a place |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **buy** | present | you | things |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To shop is to go and buy things.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:m2:1
# text = To shop is to go and buy things.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	advcl	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	go	go	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	buy	buy	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
8	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | go *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **buy** | infinitive |  | things |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A workshop is a place where things are made or fixed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:m3:1
# text = A workshop is a place where things are made or fixed.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	workshop	workshop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	9	advmod	_	_
7	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	fixed	fix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a workshop | a place |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present · passive |  | things |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 3 | **fix** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Shopping» is buying things, or the things you bought.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:m4:1
# text = «Shopping» is buying things, or the things you bought.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Shopping	shopping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	buying	buy	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
11	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | present · progressive | Shopping | things |  |  |  | the things *obl* | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme |
| 2 | **buy** | past | you | the things *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: casual — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«The shops» means the local shopping street or centre: «I'm off to the shops»; «shop till you drop» means shop a lot.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:m5:1
# text = «The shops» means the local shopping street or centre: «I'm off to the shops»; «shop till you drop» means shop a lot.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	shops	shop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	shopping	shopping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	street	street	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	centre	centre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	off	off	ADV	RB	_	5	parataxis	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	shops	shop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
22	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
24	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
25	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	drop	drop	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	_
28	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
29	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
30	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | the shops | the local shopping street or centre |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | I |  |  |  |  | to the shops; off *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **drop** *in a quote* | present | you | shop *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shop=Theme |
| 4 | **mean** | present | shop | shop |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK slang, rough — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To shop someone is to tell the police or a teacher about them: «He shopped me to the head.».

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:m6:1
# text = To shop someone is to tell the police or a teacher about them: «He shopped me to the head.».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
12	about	about	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	shopped	shop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
18	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** *speech: assert* | present | someone |  |  |  |  | tell *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **shop** *in a quote* | past | teacher | someone |  |  |  | to the head | vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent i=Location |

## Meaning 7 {#m7}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: casual — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Talk shop» means talk about work; «shut up shop» means close or stop.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:m7:1
# text = «Talk shop» means talk about work; «shut up shop» means close or stop.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
7	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	shut	shut	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	csubj	_	_
12	up	up	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
15	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
16	close	close	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | shop |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent shop=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **talk** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | about work | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about work=Topic |
| 4 | **shut up** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | shop |  |  |  |  | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shop=Patient |
| 5 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **close** *not said to happen* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 7 | **stop** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Meaning 8 {#m8}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Retail premises», «establishment» and «vendor» are stiff words for a shop: «items purchased from a retail establishment».

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:m8:1
# text = «Retail premises», «establishment» and «vendor» are stiff words for a shop: «items purchased from a retail establishment».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Retail	retail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	premises	premise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	establishment	establishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	vendor	vendor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	stiff	stiff	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
20	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	items	item	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	_
22	purchased	purchase	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	acl	_	_
23	from	from	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	retail	retail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	establishment	establishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Retail premises and establishment and vendor | stiff words and items |  |  |  | for a shop | tree rules |
| 2 | **purchase** *in a quote* | participle |  | items *not said here* |  | a retail establishment |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from establishment=Source |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shop sells pens for $2 each.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:x1:1
# text = The shop sells pens for $2 each.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sells	sell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	pens	pen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	$	$	SYM	$	_	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
8	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | present | the shop | pens |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent pen=Theme for $=Asset |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She shopped for 2 hours.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:x2:1
# text = She shopped for 2 hours.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shopped	shop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shop** | past | She |  |  |  | hour |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shop had 60 cakes and sold 45.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:x3:1
# text = The shop had 60 cakes and sold 45.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	60	60	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	cakes	cake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	sold	sell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	45	45	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the shop | 60 cakes |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cake=Patient |
| 2 | **sell** | past | the shop *not said here* | 45 |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 45=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How much did she spend at the shop?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:x4:1
# text = How much did she spend at the shop?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obj	_	_
3	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	spend	spend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | past · do-support | she | much |  | the shop |  |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Asset |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We go shopping on Saturday mornings.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:x5:1
# text = We go shopping on Saturday mornings.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	shopping	shop	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	Saturday	Saturday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	mornings	morning	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | We |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **shop** | gerund | We *not said here* |  |  |  | morning |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Write a shopping list so you don't forget the milk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:x6:1
# text = Write a shopping list so you don't forget the milk.
1	Write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	shopping	shopping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	list	list	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	forget	forget	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | imperative | you *not said here* | a shopping list |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent list=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **forget** | present · do-support | you | the milk |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bike shop fixed my flat tyre.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:x7:1
# text = The bike shop fixed my flat tyre.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	fixed	fix	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	tyre	tyre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fix** | past | the bike shop | my flat tyre |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent tyre=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shop closes at six.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:x8:1
# text = The shop closes at six.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	closes	close	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close** | present | the shop |  |  | six |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
nip to the shop, get 2 milk and bread, here's a tenner (casual, UK)

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:x9:1
# text = nip to the shop, get 2 milk and bread, here's a tenner (casual, UK)
1	nip	nip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	tenner	tenner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	casual	casual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | infinitive | nip to the shop | 2 milk and bread |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer milk=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | a tenner |  | here |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
them sweets is 2 dollar each at the shop (casual, broken grammar)

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:x10:1
# text = them sweets is 2 dollar each at the shop (casual, broken grammar)
1	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nmod	_	_
2	sweets	sweet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod:unmarked	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	dollar	dollar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	nmod:unmarked	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	casual	casual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
14	grammar	grammar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | 2 dollar |  | the shop |  | them *= they* *nmod*; each *nmod:unmarked* | tree rules |
| 2 | **break** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You shopped me to the teacher? You little snitch. (rough, UK slang)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* You shopped me to the teacher?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:x11:1
# text = You shopped me to the teacher?
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shopped	shop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shop** | past | You | me |  |  |  | to the teacher | vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent i=Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* You little snitch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:x11:2
# text = You little snitch.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	snitch	snitch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* (rough, UK slang)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:x11:3
# text = (rough, UK slang)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	slang	slang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A retail establishment possesses 60 cakes, of which 45 are sold; ascertain the quantity remaining. (formal exam)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A retail establishment possesses 60 cakes, of which 45 are sold; ascertain the quantity remaining.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:x12:1
# text = A retail establishment possesses 60 cakes, of which 45 are sold; ascertain the quantity remaining.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	retail	retail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	establishment	establishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	possesses	possess	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	60	60	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	cakes	cake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	obl	_	_
10	45	45	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	sold	sell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
14	ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	quantity	quantity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	remaining	remain	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **possess** | present | a retail establishment | 60 cakes |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot cake=Theme |
| 2 | **sell** | present · passive |  | 45 |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **ascertain** | infinitive |  | the quantity |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **remain** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (formal exam)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:x12:2
# text = (formal exam)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	exam	exam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"From the shop opposite," he replied.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shop:x13:1
# text = "From the shop opposite," he replied.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	From	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	opposite	opposite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	replied	reply	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reply** *speech: assert* | past | he |  |  | the shop opposite |  |  | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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