---
title: shorn — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «shorn» in the school dictionary: Shorn means having had the wool or hair cut off, usually with big scissors or electric clippers, as in «shorn sheep». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# shorn

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Shorn, it, shorn lambs, lunchtime, head, castle · **What happens:** mean, have, cut off, take away, cut, shorn · **To what, where:** wool, Shorn hair, sheep, shearers, New Zealand, Shorn wool · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«shorn» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [shorn in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/shorn.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shorn means having had the wool or hair cut off, usually with big scissors or electric clippers, as in «shorn sheep».

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shorn:m1:1
# text = Shorn means having had the wool or hair cut off, usually with big scissors or electric clippers, as in «shorn sheep».
1	Shorn	shorn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	wool	wool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
10	off	off	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	scissors	scissors	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	electric	electric	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	clippers	clipper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	shorn	shorn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Shorn |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **have** | past |  | the wool or hair |  |  |  | with big scissors or electric clippers | tree rules |
| 4 | **cut off** | participle |  | the wool or hair *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shorn of something means having had it taken away, as in «shorn of his power».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shorn:m2:1
# text = Shorn of something means having had it taken away, as in «shorn of his power».
1	Shorn	Shorn	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	nmod	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	aux	_	_
6	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	ccomp	_	_
9	away	away	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	shorn	shorn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	parataxis	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Shorn of something |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **take away** | gerund · perfect | it |  |  |  |  | away *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shorn hair is cut very short.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shorn:m3:1
# text = Shorn hair is cut very short.
1	Shorn	shorn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | present · passive |  | Shorn hair |  |  |  | short *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sheep were shorn in spring, and the wool was piled high.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shorn:x1:1
# text = The sheep were shorn in spring, and the wool was piled high.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	shorn	shorn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	wool	wool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	piled	pile	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
13	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shorn** | past · passive |  | the sheep |  |  | spring |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pile** | past · passive |  | the wool |  |  |  | high *property* | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: subject=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The freshly shorn lambs looked tiny without their fleece.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shorn:x2:1
# text = The freshly shorn lambs looked tiny without their fleece.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	freshly	freshly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	shorn	shorn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	lambs	lamb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	without	without	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	fleece	fleece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | the shorn lambs |  |  |  |  | without lambs's fleece; tiny *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In New Zealand, the shearers had shorn hundreds of sheep by lunchtime.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shorn:x3:1
# text = In New Zealand, the shearers had shorn hundreds of sheep by lunchtime.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
3	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	shearers	shearer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	shorn	shorn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	lunchtime	lunchtime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shorn** | past · perfect · passive | lunchtime | the shearers |  | New Zealand |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His head was shorn for the charity challenge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shorn:x4:1
# text = His head was shorn for the charity challenge.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	shorn	shorn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	charity	charity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	challenge	challenge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | His head |  |  |  |  | for the charity challenge; shorn *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The castle, shorn of its walls, stood open to the wind.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shorn:x5:1
# text = The castle, shorn of its walls, stood open to the wind.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	shorn	shorn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
9	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | the castle and shorn of shorn's walls |  |  |  |  | to the wind; open *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shorn wool is washed before it is spun.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shorn:x6:1
# text = Shorn wool is washed before it is spun.
1	Shorn	shorn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	wool	wool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	washed	wash	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	spun	spin	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wash** | present · passive |  | Shorn wool |  |  |  |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **spin** | present · passive |  | wool |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Have the alpacas been shorn yet?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shorn:x7:1
# text = Have the alpacas been shorn yet?
1	Have	have	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	alpacas	alpaca	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	acl	_	_
5	shorn	shorn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
6	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | imperative | you *not said here* | the alpacas |  |  | yet |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alpaca=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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