---
title: shove — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «shove» in the school dictionary: To shove is to push someone or something roughly and hard. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# shove

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** shove, you, He, door, She, car · **What happens:** shove, be, not shove, run, not start, give · **To what, where:** something, hard rough push, line, door, books, bag

<!-- .vabout -->
«shove» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [shove in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/shove.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To shove is to push someone or something roughly and hard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shove:m1:1
# text = To shove is to push someone or something roughly and hard.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	shove	shove	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	push	push	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	conj	_	_
9	roughly	roughly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shove** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | push *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To shove something somewhere is to put it there quickly and carelessly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shove:m2:1
# text = To shove something somewhere is to put it there quickly and carelessly.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	shove	shove	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	somewhere	somewhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	2	advmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
10	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	carelessly	carelessly	ADV	RB	_	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shove** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | somewhere *property* | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | there |  | put, quickly *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A shove is a hard, rough push.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shove:m3:1
# text = A shove is a hard, rough push.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shove	shove	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	push	push	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a shove | a hard rough push |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please don't shove in the line.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shove:x1:1
# text = Please don't shove in the line.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	shove	shove	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **shove** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  | the line |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent in line=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He shoved the door, but it was stuck.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shove:x2:1
# text = He shoved the door, but it was stuck.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shoved	shove	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	stuck	stuck	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shove** | past | He | the door |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent door=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | door |  |  |  |  | stuck *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She shoved her books into her bag and ran.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shove:x3:1
# text = She shoved her books into her bag and ran.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shoved	shove	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shove** | past | She | her books |  | her bag |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent book=Theme into bag=Destination |
| 2 | **run** | past | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The car wouldn't start, so we gave it a shove.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shove:x4:1
# text = The car wouldn't start, so we gave it a shove.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	start	start	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	shove	shove	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **start** | would | the car |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **give** | past | we | car |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent it=Recipient shove=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Someone shoved me and I fell over.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shove:x5:1
# text = Someone shoved me and I fell over.
1	Someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shoved	shove	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	over	over	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shove** | past | Someone | me |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
| 2 | **fall over** | past | I |  |  |  |  | over *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shove over and let me sit down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shove:x6:1
# text = Shove over and let me sit down.
1	Shove	shove	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	over	over	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	sit	sit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	down	down	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shove over** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | over *property* | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive | you *not said here* | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **sit down** | infinitive | me *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The big kids pushed and shoved to get on the bus.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shove:x7:1
# text = The big kids pushed and shoved to get on the bus.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	kids	kid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	pushed	push	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	shoved	shove	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **push** | past | the big kids |  |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **shove** | past | the big kids *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **get** | to-infinitive | the big kids *not said here* |  |  | the bus |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent on bus=Source |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With that the little man shoved him in at the door, and locked it.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shove:x8:1
# text = With that the little man shoved him in at the door, and locked it.
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	shoved	shove	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	locked	lock	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shove in** | past | the little man | him *= he* |  | the door |  | with that | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent he=Theme at door=Destination |
| 2 | **lock** | past | the little man *not said here* | door |  |  |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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