---
title: shun — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «shun» in the school dictionary: To shun someone is to keep away from them on purpose and refuse to talk to them. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# shun

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** She, other children, he, village, animals, friends · **What happens:** shun, be, refuse, not talk, hide, eat · **To what, where:** someone, purpose, them, something, spotlight, him · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«shun» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [shun in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/shun.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To shun someone is to keep away from them on purpose and refuse to talk to them.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shun:m1:1
# text = To shun someone is to keep away from them on purpose and refuse to talk to them.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	shun	shun	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	away	away	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	purpose	purpose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	refuse	refuse	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shun** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent someone=Location |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | purpose |  | away, keep *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **refuse** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **talk** | to-infinitive |  |  | them *= they* |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to they=Co-Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To shun something is to avoid it: «She shuns the spotlight».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shun:m2:1
# text = To shun something is to avoid it: «She shuns the spotlight».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	shun	shun	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	avoid	avoid	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	shuns	shun	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	spotlight	spotlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shun** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent something=Location |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | avoid *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **shun** *in a quote* | present | She | the spotlight |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent spotlight=Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The other children shunned him because he was new.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shun:x1:1
# text = The other children shunned him because he was new.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shunned	shun	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shun** | past | the other children | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent he=Location |
| 2 | **is** | past | he |  |  |  |  | new *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the story, the village shunned the old woman.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shun:x2:1
# text = In the story, the village shunned the old woman.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	shunned	shun	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shun** | past | the village | the old woman |  | the story |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent woman=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some animals shun bright light and hide during the day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shun:x3:1
# text = Some animals shun bright light and hide during the day.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shun	shun	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	hide	hide	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	during	during	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shun** | present | some animals | bright light |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent light=Location |
| 2 | **hide** | present | some animals *not said here* |  |  |  | day |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She shuns fast food and eats healthily.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shun:x4:1
# text = She shuns fast food and eats healthily.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shuns	shun	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	fast	fast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	healthily	healthily	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shun** | present | She | fast food |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent food=Location |
| 2 | **eat** | present | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  | healthily *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being shunned by your friends can feel very lonely.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shun:x5:1
# text = Being shunned by your friends can feel very lonely.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	aux:pass	_	_
2	shunned	shun	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	csubj	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	very	very	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	lonely	lonely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shun** | gerund · passive | your friends |  |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **feel** | can |  |  |  |  |  | lonely *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We should not shun someone just because they are different.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shun:x6:1
# text = We should not shun someone just because they are different.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	shun	shun	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	_
6	just	just	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
7	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **shun** | should | We | someone |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent someone=Location |
| 2 | **is** | present | they |  |  |  |  | different *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Be wise and shun the quack.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shun:x7:1
# text = Be wise and shun the quack.
1	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	cop	_	_
2	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	shun	shun	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	quack	quack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | wise *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **shun** | infinitive | you *not said here* | the quack |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent quack=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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