---
title: shunning — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «shunning» in the school dictionary: Shunning means keeping away from someone or something on purpose, and refusing to have anything to do with it. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# shunning

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**Who acts:** you, She, He · **What happens:** shun, mean, keep away, refuse, not have, do · **To what, where:** someone, anything, work, old friends, crowds

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«shunning» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [shunning in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/shunning.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shunning means keeping away from someone or something on purpose, and refusing to have anything to do with it.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shunning:m1:1
# text = Shunning means keeping away from someone or something on purpose, and refusing to have anything to do with it.
1	Shunning	shun	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	keeping	keep	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	away	away	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obl	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	conj	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	purpose	purpose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	refusing	refuse	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	15	obj	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	acl	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shun** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **keep away** *not said to happen* | gerund |  |  |  | someone |  | away *property* | vn forbid-64.4 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer from someone=Eventuality |
| 4 | **refuse** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 5 | **not** **have** | to-infinitive |  | anything |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Patient |
| 6 | **do** | to-infinitive |  | anything *not said here* |  |  |  | with purpose | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Are you seeking work or shunning work?"

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shunning:x1:1
# text = "Are you seeking work or shunning work?"
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	seeking	seek	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	shunning	shun	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
8	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seek** *in a quote* | present · progressive | you | work |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Theme |
| 2 | **shun** *in a quote* | gerund | you *not said here* | work |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent work=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was shunning her old friends.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shunning:x2:1
# text = She was shunning her old friends.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	shunning	shun	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shun** | past · progressive | She | her old friends |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent friend=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He kept shunning the crowds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:shunning:x3:1
# text = He kept shunning the crowds.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	shunning	shun	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	crowds	crowd	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **shun** | gerund | He *not said here* | the crowds |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent crowd=Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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