---
title: sicken — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sicken» in the school dictionary: To make someone feel shocked, disgusted or very upset, as if they might be sick. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sicken

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, they, cruelty, calf, It, people · **What happens:** make, feel, disgust, be, start, become · **To what, where:** someone, everyone, cruelty, me, litter, park

<!-- .vabout -->
«sicken» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sicken in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sicken.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make someone feel shocked, disgusted or very upset, as if they might be sick.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sicken:m1:1
# text = To make someone feel shocked, disgusted or very upset, as if they might be sick.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	feel	feel	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	shocked	shocked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	disgusted	disgust	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	very	very	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	upset	upset	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
13	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
15	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	cop	_	_
17	sick	sick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | someone |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset someone=Product |
| 2 | **feel** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | shocked *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **disgust** | participle | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | might | they |  |  |  |  | sick *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To start to become ill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sicken:m2:1
# text = To start to become ill.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	start	start	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **become** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | ill *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Sicken of» something (old-fashioned) — to become tired of it.

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sicken:m3:1
# text = «Sicken of» something (old-fashioned) — to become tired of it.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sicken	Sicken	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	nmod	_	_
6	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	fashioned	fashioned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	9	punct	_	_
11	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
14	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | tired *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cruelty to the dog sickened everyone who saw it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sicken:x1:1
# text = The cruelty to the dog sickened everyone who saw it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cruelty	cruelty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	sickened	sicken	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	6	obj	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sicken** | past | the cruelty to the dog | everyone |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus everyone=Experiencer |
| 2 | **see** | past |  | cruelty |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The calf began to sicken and would not eat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sicken:x2:1
# text = The calf began to sicken and would not eat.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	calf	calf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	sicken	sicken	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | the calf |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **sicken** | to-infinitive | the calf *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **not** **eat** | would | the calf *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It sickens me when people drop litter in the park.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sicken:x3:1
# text = It sickens me when people drop litter in the park.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sickens	sicken	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	drop	drop	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
7	litter	litter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sicken** | present | It | me |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer |
| 2 | **drop** | present | people | litter |  | the park |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent litter=Theme in park=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was a sickening crash as the car hit the wall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sicken:x4:1
# text = There was a sickening crash as the car hit the wall.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	sickening	sicken	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	crash	crash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	hit	hit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a sickening crash |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **sicken** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **hit** | past | the car | the wall |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme wall=Co-Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The smell of rotten eggs sickened us.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sicken:x5:1
# text = The smell of rotten eggs sickened us.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	rotten	rotten	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	sickened	sicken	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sicken** | past | the smell of rotten eggs | us |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus we=Experiencer |
| 2 | **smell** |  | rotten eggs |  |  |  |  |  | nom smell «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After a week of rain, we sickened of staying indoors.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sicken:x6:1
# text = After a week of rain, we sickened of staying indoors.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	sickened	sicken	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	staying	stay	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
11	indoors	indoors	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sicken** | past | we |  |  |  | week |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **stay** | gerund | we *not said here* |  |  |  |  | indoors *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We lost to a sickening goal in the last minute.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sicken:x7:1
# text = We lost to a sickening goal in the last minute.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	sickening	sicken	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	goal	goal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	minute	minute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | past | We |  |  |  | minute | to a sickening goal | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **sicken** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sickening smell made him faint.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sicken:x8:1
# text = The sickening smell made him faint.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	sickening	sicken	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	amod	_	_
3	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sicken** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **make** | past | the sickening smell | him *= he* |  |  |  | faint *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset he=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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