---
title: sidewalk — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sidewalk» in the school dictionary: A path at the side of a road where people walk; British and Australian «pavement» or «footpath». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sidewalk

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** people, you, We, sidewalk, cars, Kids · **What happens:** walk, stay, draw, be, watch out, back out · **To what, where:** sidewalk, hopscotch, driveways, scooters, corner, streets

<!-- .vabout -->
«sidewalk» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sidewalk in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sidewalk.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: American — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A path at the side of a road where people walk; British and Australian «pavement» or «footpath».

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sidewalk:m1:1
# text = A path at the side of a road where people walk; British and Australian «pavement» or «footpath».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	11	advmod	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	walk	walk	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
13	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	Australian	Australian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	pavement	pavement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	footpath	footpath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | present | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stay on the sidewalk and away from the road.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sidewalk:x1:1
# text = Stay on the sidewalk and away from the road.
1	Stay	stay	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sidewalk	sidewalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	away	away	ADV	RB	_	1	conj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the sidewalk |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on sidewalk=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We drew hopscotch with sidewalk chalk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sidewalk:x2:1
# text = We drew hopscotch with sidewalk chalk.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	hopscotch	hopscotch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	sidewalk	sidewalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	chalk	chalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | past | We | hopscotch |  |  |  | with sidewalk chalk | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hopscotch=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sidewalk was icy, so we walked slowly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sidewalk:x3:1
# text = The sidewalk was icy, so we walked slowly.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sidewalk	sidewalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	icy	icy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the sidewalk |  |  |  |  | icy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **walk** | past | we |  |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Watch out for cars backing out of driveways across the sidewalk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sidewalk:x4:1
# text = Watch out for cars backing out of driveways across the sidewalk.
1	Watch	watch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	out	out	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
5	backing	back	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	driveways	driveway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	across	across	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	sidewalk	sidewalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch out** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for cars | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.theme NP.location»: agent=Agent for car=Theme |
| 2 | **back out** | gerund | cars *not said here* | driveways |  | the sidewalk |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kids rode their scooters along the sidewalk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sidewalk:x5:1
# text = Kids rode their scooters along the sidewalk.
1	Kids	kid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rode	ride	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	scooters	scooter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	along	along	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sidewalk	sidewalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ride** | past | Kids | Kids's scooters |  | the sidewalk |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent scooter=Theme along sidewalk=Trajectory |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't block the sidewalk with your bike.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sidewalk:x6:1
# text = Don't block the sidewalk with your bike.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	block	block	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sidewalk	sidewalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **block** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | the sidewalk |  |  |  | with your bike | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent sidewalk=Destination with bike=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sidewalk ends at the corner, so cross carefully.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sidewalk:x7:1
# text = The sidewalk ends at the corner, so cross carefully.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sidewalk	sidewalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ends	end	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	corner	corner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	cross	cross	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
10	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **end** | present | the sidewalk |  |  | the corner |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **cross** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | carefully *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leaves covered the sidewalk in autumn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sidewalk:x8:1
# text = Leaves covered the sidewalk in autumn.
1	Leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	covered	cover	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sidewalk	sidewalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | past | Leaves | the sidewalk |  |  | autumn |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme sidewalk=Destination |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At that time the streets were not paved, and there were no sidewalks.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sidewalk:x9:1
# text = At that time the streets were not paved, and there were no sidewalks.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	streets	street	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	paved	pave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	12	expl	_	_
12	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
13	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	14	det	_	_
14	sidewalks	sidewalk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **pave** | past · passive |  | the streets |  |  | time |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination |
| 2 | **be** | past | no sidewalks |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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