---
title: sign — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sign» in the school dictionary: A sign is a board with words or pictures that tells you something, like a road sign or a shop sign. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sign

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sign, that, something, dark clouds, your, town · **What happens:** be, tell, show, happen, sign, name · **To what, where:** board, something, you, mark, sign, 12 miles · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«sign» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sign in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sign.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sign is a board with words or pictures that tells you something, like a road sign or a shop sign.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sign:m1:1
# text = A sign is a board with words or pictures that tells you something, like a road sign or a shop sign.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	board	board	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	iobj	_	_
13	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sign | a board |  |  |  | with words or pictures | tree rules |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | that | something | you |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient something=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sign in maths is a mark like +, −, ×, ÷ or =.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sign:m2:1
# text = A sign in maths is a mark like +, −, ×, ÷ or =.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	mark	mark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	+	+	SYM	SYM	_	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	−	−	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	×	×	SYM	SYM	Number=Sing	11	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	÷	÷	SYM	SYM	Number=Sing	11	flat	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	=	=	SYM	SYM	_	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sign in maths | a mark |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sign is something that shows that something is true or will happen: dark clouds are a sign of rain.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sign:m3:1
# text = A sign is something that shows that something is true or will happen: dark clouds are a sign of rain.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	ccomp	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
15	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sign | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **show** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | something |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **happen** | future | something *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **is a** | present | dark clouds | a sign |  |  |  | of rain | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To sign is to write your name on something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sign:m4:1
# text = To sign is to write your name on something.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	sign	sign	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	write	write	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sign** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | something |  | write *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **name** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To sign is also to talk with hand signs, as in sign language.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sign:m5:1
# text = To sign is also to talk with hand signs, as in sign language.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	sign	sign	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	talk	talk	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	signs	sign	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sign** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | with hand signs; as sign language; talk *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sign says the town is 12 miles away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sign:x1:1
# text = The sign says the town is 12 miles away.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	ccomp	_	_
9	away	away	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the sign |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the town | 12 miles |  |  |  | away *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put the right sign between 7 and 3 to get 10.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sign:x2:1
# text = Put the right sign between 7 and 3 to get 10.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	between	between	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	7	7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	conj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
11	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* | the right sign |  | 7 |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent sign=Theme between 7=Destination |
| 2 | **get** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | 10 |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer 10=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sign shows apples cost 50 cents each.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sign:x3:1
# text = The sign shows apples cost 50 cents each.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	cost	cost	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	50	50	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	cents	cent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the sign |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **cost** | present | apples | 50 cents  each |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme cent=Value |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
30 people signed the card.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sign:x4:1
# text = 30 people signed the card.
1	30	30	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	signed	sign	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	card	card	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sign** | past | 30 people | the card |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent card=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stop at the stop sign and look both ways.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sign:x5:1
# text = Stop at the stop sign and look both ways.
1	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	stop	stop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
8	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the stop sign |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at sign=Location |
| 2 | **look** | infinitive | you *not said here* | both ways |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Swallows coming back are a sign of spring.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sign:x6:1
# text = Swallows coming back are a sign of spring.
1	Swallows	swallow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
2	coming	come	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
3	back	back	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come back** | gerund | Swallows *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Swallows | a sign |  |  | spring |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please sign your name at the bottom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sign:x7:1
# text = Please sign your name at the bottom.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	sign	sign	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sign** | imperative | you *not said here* | your name |  | the bottom |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent name=Theme at bottom=Destination |
| 2 | **name** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My cousin uses sign language to talk with her deaf friend.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sign:x8:1
# text = My cousin uses sign language to talk with her deaf friend.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	deaf	deaf	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | My cousin | sign language |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Patient |
| 2 | **talk** | to-infinitive | My cousin *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with cousin's deaf friend | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with friend=Co-Agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A smile is often a sign that someone is happy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sign:x9:1
# text = A smile is often a sign that someone is happy.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	smile	smile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	often	often	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a smile | a sign |  |  |  | often *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | someone | a sign *not said here* |  |  |  | happy *property* | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Read the sign and you’ll know.”

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sign:x10:1
# text = “Read the sign and you’ll know.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Read	read	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	’ll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* | the sign |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sign=Topic |
| 2 | **know** *in a quote* | future | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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