---
title: sika — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sika» in the school dictionary: A sika is a kind of deer that came from East Asia (Japan, China, Taiwan); it is small to medium-sized with a reddish-brown coat with white spots in summer. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sika

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sika, deer, sika deer, hunters, sika stag · **What happens:** be, come, size, bring, live, step out · **To what, where:** kind, East Asia, Sika deer, UK, wild, forest

<!-- .vabout -->
«sika» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sika in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sika.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sika is a kind of deer that came from East Asia (Japan, China, Taiwan); it is small to medium-sized with a reddish-brown coat with white spots in summer.

<!-- fold The tree, 31 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sika:m1:1
# text = A sika is a kind of deer that came from East Asia (Japan, China, Taiwan); it is small to medium-sized with a reddish-brown coat with white spots in summer.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sika	sika	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	deer	deer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	East	East	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	Taiwan	Taiwan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
23	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	_
24	to	to	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
25	medium	medium	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	sized	size	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	advcl	_	_
28	with	with	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
30	reddish	reddish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
34	with	with	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	spots	spot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nmod	_	_
37	in	in	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sika | a kind |  |  |  | of deer | tree rules |
| 2 | **come** | past | deer |  |  | East Asia and Japan and China and Taiwan |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from asia=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **is** | present | sika |  |  |  |  | small *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **size** | participle | sika *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with a brown coat with white spots in summer | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sika deer were brought to the UK, Ireland, New Zealand and the USA, where they now live in the wild.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sika:m2:1
# text = Sika deer were brought to the UK, Ireland, New Zealand and the USA, where they now live in the wild.
1	Sika	sika	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	deer	deer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
12	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	USA	USA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	20	advmod	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	20	advmod	_	_
20	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	wild	wild	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past · passive |  | Sika deer | the UK and Ireland and New Zealand and the USA |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to uk=Destination |
| 2 | **live** | present | deer |  |  | the wild | now |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wild=Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sika deer stepped out of the forest and froze.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sika:x1:1
# text = A sika deer stepped out of the forest and froze.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	sika	sika	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	deer	deer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	stepped	step	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	froze	freeze	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **step out** | past | a sika deer | the forest |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location forest=Theme |
| 2 | **freeze** | past | a sika deer *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sika deer have white spots on their coats in summer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sika:x2:1
# text = Sika deer have white spots on their coats in summer.
1	Sika	sika	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	deer	deer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	spots	spot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	coats	coat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Sika deer | white spots |  | deer's coats in summer |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spot=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Nara, sika deer wander through the park and bow for snacks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sika:x3:1
# text = In Nara, sika deer wander through the park and bow for snacks.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Nara	Nara	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	sika	sika	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	deer	deer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	wander	wander	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	through	through	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	bow	bow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	snacks	snack	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wander** | present | sika deer |  |  | Nara |  | through the park and bow for snacks | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in nara=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sika were brought to Ireland and Britain over a hundred years ago.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sika:x4:1
# text = Sika were brought to Ireland and Britain over a hundred years ago.
1	Sika	Sika	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	Britain	Britain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	over	over	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl:unmarked	_	_
12	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past · passive |  | Sika | Ireland and Britain |  |  | ago *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to ireland=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In New Zealand, hunters track sika in the hills.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sika:x5:1
# text = In New Zealand, hunters track sika in the hills.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
3	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	hunters	hunter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	track	track	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	sika	sika	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **track** | present | hunters | sika |  | New Zealand |  | in the hills | vn stalk-35.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent sika=Theme in zealand=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sika stag made a high whistling call.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sika:x6:1
# text = The sika stag made a high whistling call.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	sika	sika	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	stag	stag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	whistling	whistling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	call	call	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the sika stag | a high whistling call |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset call=Product |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sika and red deer can have babies together, which worries scientists.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sika:x7:1
# text = Sika and red deer can have babies together, which worries scientists.
1	Sika	Sika	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
3	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	deer	deer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	babies	baby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	together	together	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	worries	worry	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
12	scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | can | Sika and red deer | babies |  |  |  | together *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Patient |
| 2 | **worry** | present |  | scientists |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus scientist=Experiencer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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