---
title: sinful — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sinful» in the school dictionary: Wrong according to God's law or religious teaching; full of sin. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sinful

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Christians, people, priest, chocolate cake, story, She · **What happens:** believe, be, need, speak, show, feel · **To what, where:** forgiveness, sinful thoughts, sinful greed, three doughnuts, Bible, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«sinful» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sinful in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sinful.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: church — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wrong according to God's law or religious teaching; full of sin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sinful:m1:1
# text = Wrong according to God's law or religious teaching; full of sin.
1	Wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	according	according	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	religious	religious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	teaching	teaching	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
11	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	sin	sin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal, humorous — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very naughty or too much: «a sinfully rich chocolate cake».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sinful:m2:1
# text = Very naughty or too much: «a sinfully rich chocolate cake».
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	naughty	naughty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	too	too	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
9	sinfully	sinfully	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Christians believe that people are sinful and need God's forgiveness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sinful:x1:1
# text = Christians believe that people are sinful and need God's forgiveness.
1	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	believe	believe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	sinful	sinful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
9	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	forgiveness	forgiveness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** | present | Christians |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | present | people |  |  |  |  | sinful *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **need** | present | people *not said here* | God's forgiveness |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot forgiveness=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The priest spoke about sinful thoughts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sinful:x2:1
# text = The priest spoke about sinful thoughts.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	about	about	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	sinful	sinful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	thoughts	thought	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the priest | sinful thoughts |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That chocolate cake is sinfully rich!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sinful:x3:1
# text = That chocolate cake is sinfully rich!
1	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	sinfully	sinfully	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | that chocolate cake |  |  |  |  | rich, sinfully *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The story showed how sinful greed can be.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sinful:x4:1
# text = The story showed how sinful greed can be.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
5	sinful	sinful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	greed	greed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | the story | sinful greed |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent greed=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She felt sinful eating three doughnuts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sinful:x5:1
# text = She felt sinful eating three doughnuts.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sinful	sinful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
5	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	doughnuts	doughnut	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | She |  |  |  |  | sinful *property* | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **eat** | gerund | She *not said here* | three doughnuts |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent doughnut=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the Bible, people turned away from sinful ways.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sinful:x6:1
# text = In the Bible, people turned away from sinful ways.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	away	away	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	sinful	sinful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn away** | past | people |  |  | the Bible |  | from sinful ways; away *property* | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from way=Source |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"What are you doing, you children?" cried the gentle lady; "that is sinful!"

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sinful:x7:1
# text = "What are you doing, you children?" cried the gentle lady; "that is sinful!"
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	obj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	doing	do	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	_
8	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
11	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	gentle	gentle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	lady	lady	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	19	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	sinful	sinful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** *in a quote* | present · progressive | you | you |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | the gentle lady |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | that |  |  |  |  | sinful *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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