---
title: sister — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sister» in the school dictionary: A sister is a girl or woman who has the same parents as you. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sister

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sister, woman, half sister, stepsister, He, Ann · **What happens:** be, have, share, give, learn, walk · **To what, where:** girl, same parents, one parent, daughter, nun, candy

<!-- .vabout -->
«sister» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sister in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sister.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sister is a girl or woman who has the same parents as you.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sister:m1:1
# text = A sister is a girl or woman who has the same parents as you.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sister | a girl or woman |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | present | woman | the same parents |  |  |  | as you | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent parent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A half-sister shares one parent with you; a stepsister is the daughter of your stepparent.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sister:m2:1
# text = A half-sister shares one parent with you; a stepsister is the daughter of your stepparent.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	shares	share	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	parent	parent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	stepsister	stepsister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	stepparent	stepparent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **share** | present | a half sister | one parent |  |  |  | with you | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a stepsister | the daughter |  |  |  | of your stepparent | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sister is also a nun, or a senior nurse in some hospitals.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sister:m3:1
# text = A sister is also a nun, or a senior nurse in some hospitals.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	nun	nun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	senior	senior	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	nurse	nurse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	14	det	_	_
14	hospitals	hospital	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sister | a nun |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her sister is 3 years older.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sister:x1:1
# text = Her sister is 3 years older.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Her sister |  |  |  | year | old *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He gave half his candy to his sister.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sister:x2:1
# text = He gave half his candy to his sister.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	half	half	DET	PDT	NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac|PronType=Ind	5	det:predet	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	candy	candy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | He | his candy | his sister |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent candy=Theme to sister=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ann has 2 sisters and 1 brother.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sister:x3:1
# text = Ann has 2 sisters and 1 brother.
1	Ann	Ann	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	sisters	sister	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Ann | 2 sisters and 1 brother |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sister=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many apples does his sister have?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sister:x4:1
# text = How many apples does his sister have?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
4	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present · do-support | many apples |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My little sister is learning to walk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sister:x5:1
# text = My little sister is learning to walk.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	learning	learn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | present · progressive | My little sister |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **walk** | to-infinitive | My little sister *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The twin sisters wore matching coats.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sister:x6:1
# text = The twin sisters wore matching coats.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	twin	twin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	sisters	sister	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	matching	match	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	coats	coat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | the twin sisters |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **match** | gerund | the twin sisters *not said here* | coats |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coat=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ask your big sister to help you with your homework.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sister:x7:1
# text = Ask your big sister to help you with your homework.
1	Ask	ask	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | imperative | you *not said here* |  | your big sister |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent sister=Recipient |
| 2 | **help** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  | you |  |  | with your homework | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary with homework=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sister Mary teaches music at the school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sister:x8:1
# text = Sister Mary teaches music at the school.
1	Sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	Mary	Mary	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	teaches	teach	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | present | Sister Mary | music |  | the school |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent music=Recipient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was his sister chasing him.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sister:x9:1
# text = There was his sister chasing him.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	chasing	chase	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | his sister |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **chase** | gerund | his sister *not said here* | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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