---
title: skid — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «skid» in the school dictionary: To skid is to slide sideways or forwards out of control, especially on ice, water or a smooth surface. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# skid

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** skid, Skids, I, bike, cyclist, Tyres · **What happens:** skid, be, slide, use, rest on, mean · **To what, where:** control, sliding movement, strips, heavy load, helicopter, skids

<!-- .vabout -->
«skid» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [skid in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/skid.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To skid is to slide sideways or forwards out of control, especially on ice, water or a smooth surface.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skid:m1:1
# text = To skid is to slide sideways or forwards out of control, especially on ice, water or a smooth surface.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	skid	skid	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	slide	slide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	sideways	sideways	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	forwards	forwards	ADV	RB	_	6	conj	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	control	control	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	smooth	smooth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **skid** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | control |  | on ice and water or a smooth surface; sideways, slide *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A skid is a sliding movement like that.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skid:m2:1
# text = A skid is a sliding movement like that.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	skid	skid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	sliding	slide	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	movement	movement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slide** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a skid | a sliding movement |  |  |  | like that | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: often skids — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Skids are strips of wood or metal under a heavy load or helicopter, used to slide or rest it on.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skid:m3:1
# text = Skids are strips of wood or metal under a heavy load or helicopter, used to slide or rest it on.
1	Skids	skid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	strips	strip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	under	under	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	load	load	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	helicopter	helicopter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	slide	slide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	advcl	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	rest	rest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	on	on	ADP	RP	_	19	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Skids | strips |  | a heavy load or helicopter |  | of wood or metal | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle | Skids *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **slide** | to-infinitive | Skids *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **rest on** | infinitive | Skids *not said here* | helicopter |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On the skids means going badly, heading for failure.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skid:m4:1
# text = On the skids means going badly, heading for failure.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	skids	skid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	going	go	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	heading	head	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	conj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	failure	failure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  | the skids |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **go** *not said to happen* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | badly *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **head** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | for failure | vn conduct-111.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The car skidded on the icy road.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skid:x1:1
# text = The car skidded on the icy road.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	skidded	skid	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	icy	icy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **skid** | participle |  | the car *not said here* |  | the icy road |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on road=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I skidded on the wet floor and nearly fell.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skid:x2:1
# text = I skidded on the wet floor and nearly fell.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	skidded	skid	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **skid** | past | I |  |  | the wet floor |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on floor=Trajectory |
| 2 | **fall** | past | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  | nearly *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bike went into a skid on the gravel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skid:x3:1
# text = The bike went into a skid on the gravel.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	skid	skid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	gravel	gravel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | the bike |  |  | a skid |  | on the gravel | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into skid=Initial\_Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cyclist skidded to a halt at the red light.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skid:x4:1
# text = The cyclist skidded to a halt at the red light.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cyclist	cyclist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	skidded	skid	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	halt	halt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **skid** | past | the cyclist |  |  | the red light |  | to a halt | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to halt=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tyres with deep treads help stop skids.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skid:x5:1
# text = Tyres with deep treads help stop skids.
1	Tyres	tyre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	treads	tread	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
5	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
7	skids	skid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Tyres with deep treads |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **stop** | infinitive | Tyres with deep treads *not said here* | skids |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality skid=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The helicopter landed on its metal skids.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skid:x6:1
# text = The helicopter landed on its metal skids.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	helicopter	helicopter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	landed	land	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	skids	skid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **land** | past | the helicopter |  |  | helicopter's metal skids |  |  | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on skid=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(informal) His football team has been on the skids all season.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skid:x7:1
# text = (informal) His football team has been on the skids all season.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	informal	informal	NUM	LS	_	11	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
8	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	cop	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	skids	skid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
12	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
13	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present · perfect | His football team |  |  | the skids | season |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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