---
title: skier — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «skier» in the school dictionary: A skier is a person who moves over snow on skis, for sport or for fun. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# skier

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** skier, person, She, Skiers, We, little brother · **What happens:** be, move over, race down, wear, watch, glide over · **To what, where:** person, snow, skis, mountain, fast skier, helmets

<!-- .vabout -->
«skier» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [skier in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/skier.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A skier is a person who moves over snow on skis, for sport or for fun.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skier:m1:1
# text = A skier is a person who moves over snow on skis, for sport or for fun.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	skier	skier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	moves	move	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	over	over	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	skis	ski	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	parataxis	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	fun	fun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a skier | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **move over** | present | a person | snow |  | skis |  | over *property* | vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The skier raced down the mountain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skier:x1:1
# text = The skier raced down the mountain.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	skier	skier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	raced	race	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **race down** | past | the skier | the mountain |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mountain=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is a fast skier.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skier:x2:1
# text = She is a fast skier.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	fast	fast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	skier	skier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | She | a fast skier |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Skiers should wear helmets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skier:x3:1
# text = Skiers should wear helmets.
1	Skiers	skier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	wear	wear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	helmets	helmet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | should | Skiers | helmets |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent helmet=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We watched the skiers from the chairlift.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skier:x4:1
# text = We watched the skiers from the chairlift.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	watched	watch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	skiers	skier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	chairlift	chairlift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch** | past | We | the skiers |  | the chairlift |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skier=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My little brother is a beginner skier.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skier:x5:1
# text = My little brother is a beginner skier.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	beginner	beginner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	skier	skier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My little brother | a beginner skier |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cross-country skier glides over flat snow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skier:x6:1
# text = A cross-country skier glides over flat snow.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	cross-country	cross-country	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	skier	skier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	glides	glide	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	over	over	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **glide over** | present | a cross-country skier | flat snow |  |  |  | over *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent snow=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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