---
title: skimmed — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «skimmed» in the school dictionary: Skimmed is the past of skim: read quickly, moved just over the top of something, or took the top layer off. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/skimmed/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [S](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/) / skimmed

# skimmed

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** She, stone, gull, waves, I, He · **What happens:** skim, be, read, move, take off, choose · **To what, where:** Skimmed past, top, top layer, skimmed milk milk, book, library

<!-- .vabout -->
«skimmed» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [skimmed in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/skimmed.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Skimmed is the past of skim: read quickly, moved just over the top of something, or took the top layer off.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skimmed:m1:1
# text = Skimmed is the past of skim: read quickly, moved just over the top of something, or took the top layer off.
1	Skimmed	skim	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	past	past	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	skim	skim	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
8	read	read	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
9	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
12	just	just	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
13	over	over	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	top	top	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	layer	layer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
24	off	off	ADP	RP	_	20	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **skim** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | the Skimmed past |  |  |  | of skim | tree rules |
| 3 | **read** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **move** | past |  |  |  | the top of something |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme over top=Trajectory |
| 5 | **take off** | past |  | the top layer |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent layer=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As an adjective, skimmed milk is milk with most of the fat (cream) taken off.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skimmed:m2:1
# text = As an adjective, skimmed milk is milk with most of the fat (cream) taken off.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	adjective	adjective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	skimmed	skim	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
6	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	17	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	15	punct	_	_
17	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl:relcl	_	_
18	off	off	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **skim** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | skimmed milk milk |  |  |  | as a adjective | tree rules |
| 3 | **take off** | participle |  | skimmed milk milk *not said here* |  |  |  | with most of the fat | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She skimmed the book and then chose it from the library.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skimmed:x1:1
# text = She skimmed the book and then chose it from the library.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	skimmed	skim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
7	chose	choose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **skim** | past | She | the book |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent book=Source |
| 2 | **choose** | past | She *not said here* | book |  | the library | then |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent it=Theme from library=Source |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The stone skimmed across the water four times.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skimmed:x2:1
# text = The stone skimmed across the water four times.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	skimmed	skim	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	across	across	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **skim** | participle | the stone |  |  | the water | time |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A gull skimmed the waves looking for fish.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skimmed:x3:1
# text = A gull skimmed the waves looking for fish.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	gull	gull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	skimmed	skim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	looking	look	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **skim** | past | a gull | the waves |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent wave=Source |
| 2 | **look** | gerund | the waves *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for fish | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for fish=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I like skimmed milk on my cereal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skimmed:x4:1
# text = I like skimmed milk on my cereal.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	like	like	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	skimmed	skim	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
4	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	cereal	cereal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **like** | present | I | skimmed milk |  | my cereal |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot milk=Theme |
| 2 | **skim** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He skimmed the menu and ordered pizza.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skimmed:x5:1
# text = He skimmed the menu and ordered pizza.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	skimmed	skim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	menu	menu	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	ordered	order	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	pizza	pizza	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **skim** | past | He | the menu |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent menu=Source |
| 2 | **order** | past | He *not said here* | pizza |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pizza=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum skimmed the foam off the jam.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skimmed:x6:1
# text = Mum skimmed the foam off the jam.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	skimmed	skim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	foam	foam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	jam	jam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **skim** | past | Mum | the foam |  | the jam |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent foam=Theme off jam=Source |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The plane skimmed the tops of the trees.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skimmed:x7:1
# text = The plane skimmed the tops of the trees.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	skimmed	skim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	tops	top	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **skim** | past | the plane | the tops of the trees |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent top=Source |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A few bats skimmed his nose now and again and scared him half to death.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skimmed:x8:1
# text = A few bats skimmed his nose now and again and scared him half to death.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	bats	bat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	skimmed	skim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	again	again	ADV	RB	_	7	conj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	scared	scare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	half	half	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	11	advmod	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **skim** | past | a few bats | his nose |  |  | now |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent nose=Source |
| 2 | **scare** | past | a few bats *not said here* | him *= he* |  |  |  | to death; half *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [skim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/skim/)
- next →: [skimmer](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/skimmer/)
- ↑ back to [S in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/)