---
title: skinflint — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «skinflint» in the school dictionary: A person who hates spending money and is mean with it; a miser. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# skinflint

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**Who acts:** person, old skinflint, you, skinflint, Nobody · **What happens:** hate, spend, be, not give, do, not be · **To what, where:** money, single coin, poor man, skinflint, sweets, coins

<!-- .vabout -->
«skinflint» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [skinflint in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/skinflint.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who hates spending money and is mean with it; a miser.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skinflint:m1:1
# text = A person who hates spending money and is mean with it; a miser.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	hates	hate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	spending	spend	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	mean	mean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	miser	miser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hate** | present | a person and a miser |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **spend** *not said to happen* | gerund | a person and a miser *not said here* | money |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Asset |
| 3 | **is** | present | a person and a miser *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with money; mean *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old skinflint would not give the poor man a single coin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skinflint:x1:1
# text = The old skinflint would not give the poor man a single coin.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	skinflint	skinflint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	iobj	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	coin	coin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **give** | would | the old skinflint | a single coin | the poor man |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent man=Recipient coin=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't be a skinflint; share your sweets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skinflint:x2:1
# text = Don't be a skinflint; share your sweets.
1	Do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	skinflint	skinflint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	share	share	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	sweets	sweet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **is a** | infinitive |  | a skinflint |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **share** | infinitive | you *not said here* | your sweets |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The skinflint counted his coins every night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skinflint:x3:1
# text = The skinflint counted his coins every night.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	skinflint	skinflint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	counted	count	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	coins	coin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **count** | past | the skinflint | skinflint's coins |  |  | night |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coin=Theme |
| 2 | **coin** |  | skinflint |  |  |  |  |  | nom coin «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nobody liked the skinflint who never bought anyone a present.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:skinflint:x4:1
# text = Nobody liked the skinflint who never bought anyone a present.
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	2	nsubj	_	_
2	liked	like	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	skinflint	skinflint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
6	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	present	present	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **like** | past | Nobody | the skinflint |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot skinflint=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **buy** | past | the skinflint | a present | anyone |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent anyone=Beneficiary present=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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