---
title: slag — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «slag» in the school dictionary: Rocky waste left over when metal is taken from ore. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# slag

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, old, river, it, He, Calling · **What happens:** leave over, take, not use, slag off, criticise, leave · **To what, where:** Rocky waste, metal, ore, word, someone, back · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«slag» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [slag in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/slag.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rocky waste left over when metal is taken from ore.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slag:m1:1
# text = Rocky waste left over when metal is taken from ore.
1	Rocky	rocky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	over	over	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
6	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	ore	ore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave over** | participle |  | Rocky waste *not said here* |  |  |  | over *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **take** | present · passive |  | metal |  | ore |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: subject=Theme from ore=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK, rude, offensive — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An insulting word for a woman; never use it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slag:m2:1
# text = An insulting word for a woman; never use it.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	insulting	insulting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **use** | infinitive |  | word |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
slag off (UK, slang) To criticise someone rudely behind their back.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slag:m3:1
# text = slag off (UK, slang) To criticise someone rudely behind their back.
1	slag	slag	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	off	off	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	slang	slang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
8	To	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	criticise	criticise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
10	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obj	_	_
11	rudely	rudely	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
12	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slag off** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **criticise** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | someone |  | their back |  | rudely *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old mine left a huge slag heap.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slag:x1:1
# text = The old mine left a huge slag heap.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	nsubj	_	_
3	mine	my	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	slag	slag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | the old | a huge slag heap |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heap=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Slag from the furnace was dumped by the river.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slag:x2:1
# text = Slag from the furnace was dumped by the river.
1	Slag	slag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	furnace	furnace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	dumped	dump	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dump** | past · passive | the river | Slag from the furnace |  |  |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stop slagging off your sister; it's unkind.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slag:x3:1
# text = Stop slagging off your sister; it's unkind.
1	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	slagging	slag	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	off	off	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	unkind	unkind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **slag off** | gerund | you *not said here* | your sister |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | it |  |  |  |  | unkind *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He slagged off the referee after the match.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slag:x4:1
# text = He slagged off the referee after the match.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	slagged	slag	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	off	off	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	referee	referee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slag off** | past | He | the referee |  |  | after the match |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The grey slag looked like rough stone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slag:x5:1
# text = The grey slag looked like rough stone.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	grey	grey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	slag	slag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	looked	look	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | participle |  | the grey slag *not said here* |  |  |  | like rough stone | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Calling someone that word is rude and hurtful.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slag:x6:1
# text = Calling someone that word is rude and hurtful.
1	Calling	call	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obj	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	det	_	_
4	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	rude	rude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	hurtful	hurtful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | gerund |  |  | someone |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient |
| 2 | **is** | present | Calling |  |  |  |  | rude *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | Calling *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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