---
title: slavonic — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «slavonic» in the school dictionary: To do with the Slavs, the peoples of central and eastern Europe such as Ukrainians, Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, Serbs, Croats, Bulgarians and Russians, or with their languages. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# slavonic

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Old Church, Slavonia, Slavonian, Slavonic Dances, priest, Many Slavonic languages · **What happens:** do, be, use, describe, read, learn · **To what, where:** peoples, old Slavic language, church services, region, Ukrainian Slavonic languages, lively pieces

<!-- .vabout -->
«slavonic» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [slavonic in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/slavonic.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To do with the Slavs, the peoples of central and eastern Europe such as Ukrainians, Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, Serbs, Croats, Bulgarians and Russians, or with their languages.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slavonic:m1:1
# text = To do with the Slavs, the peoples of central and eastern Europe such as Ukrainians, Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, Serbs, Croats, Bulgarians and Russians, or with their languages.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Slavs	Slav	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	central	central	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	eastern	eastern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
13	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
14	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	16	case	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	fixed	_	_
16	Ukrainians	Ukrainian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	Poles	pole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	Czechs	czech	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	Slovaks	slovak	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	Serbs	serb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	Croats	croat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	Bulgarians	Bulgarian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	Russians	Russian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
32	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
33	with	with	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	35	nmod:poss	_	_
35	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | to-infinitive |  | the peoples of central Europe such Ukrainians  Bulgarians and Russians or Russians's languages and Poles and Czechs and Slovaks and Serbs and Croats |  |  |  | with the Slavs | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Old Church Slavonic is an old Slavic language used in church services and early books of Orthodox Christians.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slavonic:m2:1
# text = Old Church Slavonic is an old Slavic language used in church services and early books of Orthodox Christians.
1	Old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	Church	Church	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	Slavonic	Slavonic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	Slavic	slavic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	Orthodox	Orthodox	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Old Church | a old Slavic language |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | a old Slavic language *not said here* |  | church services and early books of Orthodox Christians |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Slavonia is also a region of Croatia; «Slavonian» describes it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slavonic:m3:1
# text = Slavonia is also a region of Croatia; «Slavonian» describes it.
1	Slavonia	Slavonia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	region	region	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Croatia	Croatia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Slavonian	Slavonian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
12	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Slavonia | a region |  |  |  | of Croatia | tree rules |
| 2 | **describe** | present | Slavonian | region |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ukrainian and Polish are both Slavonic languages.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slavonic:x1:1
# text = Ukrainian and Polish are both Slavonic languages.
1	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	Polish	polish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	both	both	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc:preconj	_	_
6	Slavonic	slavonic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Ukrainian Slavonic languages |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dvořák's Slavonic Dances are lively pieces of music.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slavonic:x2:1
# text = Dvořák's Slavonic Dances are lively pieces of music.
1	Dvořák	Dvořák	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	Slavonic	Slavonic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Dances	Dance	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	lively	lively	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	pieces	piece	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Dvořák's Slavonic Dances | lively pieces |  |  |  | of music | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The priest read the prayers in Church Slavonic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slavonic:x3:1
# text = The priest read the prayers in Church Slavonic.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	read	read	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	prayers	prayer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Church	Church	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	Slavonic	Slavonic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | past | the priest | the prayers |  | Church |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prayer=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many Slavonic languages use the Cyrillic alphabet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slavonic:x4:1
# text = Many Slavonic languages use the Cyrillic alphabet.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	Slavonic	slavonic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Cyrillic	cyrillic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Many Slavonic languages | the Cyrillic alphabet |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alphabet=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My friend is learning a Slavonic language: Czech.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slavonic:x5:1
# text = My friend is learning a Slavonic language: Czech.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	learning	learn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Slavonic	slavonic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
9	Czech	Czech	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | present · progressive | My friend | a Slavonic language |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Slavonic peoples live across eastern and central Europe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slavonic:x6:1
# text = Slavonic peoples live across eastern and central Europe.
1	Slavonic	slavonic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	across	across	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	eastern	eastern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	central	central	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
8	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | Slavonic peoples |  |  | eastern Europe |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Troyan is also the name of a mythical king who often figures in Slavonic legends.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:slavonic:x7:1
# text = Troyan is also the name of a mythical king who often figures in Slavonic legends.
1	Troyan	Troyan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	mythical	mythical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
11	often	often	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	figures	figure	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	Slavonic	Slavonic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	legends	legend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Troyan | the name |  |  |  | of a mythical king | tree rules |
| 2 | **figure** | present | a mythical king |  |  | Slavonic legends |  | often *property* | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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