---
title: sloe — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sloe» in the school dictionary: A sloe is a small, round, dark blue-black fruit of the blackthorn bush, very sour when raw. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sloe

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sloe, We, our, Sloes, blackthorn, Birds · **What happens:** be, call, find, walk, eat, have · **To what, where:** small round dark black fruit, blackthorn bush, sloes, hedge, bush, white flowers · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«sloe» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sloe in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sloe.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sloe is a small, round, dark blue-black fruit of the blackthorn bush, very sour when raw.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sloe:m1:1
# text = A sloe is a small, round, dark blue-black fruit of the blackthorn bush, very sour when raw.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sloe	sloe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
10	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	blackthorn	blackthorn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	very	very	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	sour	sour	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	parataxis	_	_
21	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	22	advmod	_	_
22	raw	raw	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sloe | a small round dark black fruit |  |  |  | of the blackthorn bush | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The blackthorn bush itself is sometimes called a sloe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sloe:m2:1
# text = The blackthorn bush itself is sometimes called a sloe.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	blackthorn	blackthorn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	3	nmod:unmarked	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
6	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	7	advmod	_	_
7	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sloe	sloe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | the blackthorn bush  bush |  |  |  | sometimes *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We found sloes in the hedge on our autumn walk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sloe:x1:1
# text = We found sloes in the hedge on our autumn walk.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sloes	sloe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hedge	hedge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	walk	walk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | We | sloes |  | the hedge on our autumn walk |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sloe=Topic |
| 2 | **walk** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom walk «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sloes are too sour to eat straight from the bush.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sloe:x2:1
# text = Sloes are too sour to eat straight from the bush.
1	Sloes	sloe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	too	too	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	sour	sour	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Sloes |  |  |  |  | sour *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **eat** | to-infinitive | Sloes *not said here* | the bush |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bush=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The blackthorn has white flowers in spring and sloes in autumn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sloe:x3:1
# text = The blackthorn has white flowers in spring and sloes in autumn.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	blackthorn	blackthorn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	sloes	sloe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the blackthorn | white flowers |  |  | in spring and sloes in autumn |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flower=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Birds eat the sloes in winter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sloe:x4:1
# text = Birds eat the sloes in winter.
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sloes	sloe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | Birds | the sloes |  |  | winter |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sloe=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad makes sloe jelly every October.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sloe:x5:1
# text = Grandad makes sloe jelly every October.
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sloe	sloe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	jelly	jelly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	October	October	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Grandad | sloe jelly |  |  | october |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jelly=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sloes looked like tiny dark plums.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sloe:x6:1
# text = The sloes looked like tiny dark plums.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sloes	sloe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	like	like	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	plums	plum	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | the sloes |  |  |  |  | like tiny dark plums | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Now look at the sloe bush."

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sloe:x7:1
# text = "Now look at the sloe bush."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
3	look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	sloe	sloe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  | now | at the sloe bush | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at bush=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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