---
title: smoke — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «smoke» in the school dictionary: The grey, black or white cloud that rises from something burning. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# smoke

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** grey cloud, horse, steam, chimney, Smoke, smoke alarm · **What happens:** rise, give off, breathe, keep, give, run · **To what, where:** something burning, smoke, fish, flavour, much, body

<!-- .vabout -->
«smoke» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [smoke in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/smoke.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The grey, black or white cloud that rises from something burning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:smoke:m1:1
# text = The grey, black or white cloud that rises from something burning.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
2	grey	grey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
7	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	rises	rise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	12	compound	_	_
12	burning	burning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | present | the grey cloud |  |  | something burning |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from burning=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As a verb, to give off smoke.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:smoke:m2:1
# text = As a verb, to give off smoke.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	give	give	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	off	off	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give off** | to-infinitive |  | smoke |  |  |  | as a verb | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source smoke=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"The chimney is smoking."

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:smoke:m2e:1
# text = "The chimney is smoking."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	chimney	chimney	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	smoking	smoke	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smoke** *in a quote* | present · progressive | the chimney |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As a verb, to breathe in smoke from a cigarette or pipe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:smoke:m3:1
# text = As a verb, to breathe in smoke from a cigarette or pipe.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	breathe	breathe	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	cigarette	cigarette	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	pipe	pipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breathe** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | smoke |  | as a verb; from a cigarette or pipe | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As a verb, to keep fish or meat in smoke to give flavour.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:smoke:m4:1
# text = As a verb, to keep fish or meat in smoke to give flavour.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
14	flavour	flavour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | to-infinitive |  | fish or meat |  | smoke |  | as a verb | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent fish=Theme in smoke=Location |
| 2 | **give** | to-infinitive |  | flavour |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flavour=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"smoked salmon".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:smoke:m4e:1
# text = "smoked salmon".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	smoked	smoke	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	salmon	salmon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smoke** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When a horse runs very hard, it sweats so much that steam rises from its body, looking like smoke.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:smoke:m5:1
# text = When a horse runs very hard, it sweats so much that steam rises from its body, looking like smoke.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	runs	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	sweats	sweat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	obj	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	rises	rise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
20	like	like	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | present | a horse |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **sweat** | present | horse | much |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent much=Theme |
| 3 | **rise** | present | steam |  |  | steam's body |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from body=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **look** | gerund | horse *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like smoke | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Smoke came out of the chimney.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:smoke:x1:1
# text = Smoke came out of the chimney.
1	Smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	chimney	chimney	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come out** | past | Smoke | the chimney |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient chimney=Result |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If there is smoke, crawl low to get out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:smoke:x2:1
# text = If there is smoke, crawl low to get out.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
3	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
4	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
6	crawl	crawl	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	low	low	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
10	out	out	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | smoke |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **crawl** | present |  |  |  |  |  | low *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **get out** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | out *property* | vn withdraw-82-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The smoke alarm beeped.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:smoke:x3:1
# text = The smoke alarm beeped.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	alarm	alarm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	beeped	beep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beep** | participle | the smoke alarm |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Smoking is bad for your lungs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:smoke:x4:1
# text = Smoking is bad for your lungs.
1	Smoking	smoking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	lungs	lung	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Smoking |  |  |  |  | for your lungs; bad *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Smoke rises because it is hot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:smoke:x5:1
# text = Smoke rises because it is hot.
1	Smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rises	rise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | present | Smoke |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | Smoke |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The toast is burning — I can see smoke!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:smoke:x6:1
# text = The toast is burning — I can see smoke!
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	toast	toast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
9	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | present · progressive | the toast |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | can | I | smoke |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer smoke=Stimulus |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our plans went up in smoke.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:smoke:x7:1
# text = Our plans went up in smoke.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	plans	plan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go up** | past | Our plans |  |  |  |  | in smoke | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in smoke=Attribute |
| 2 | **plan** |  | Our |  |  |  |  |  | nom plan «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This is a no-smoking area.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:smoke:x8:1
# text = This is a no-smoking area.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	smoking	smoking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | This | a smoking area |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The horses ran till they smoked.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:smoke:x9:1
# text = The horses ran till they smoked.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	smoked	smoke	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | the horses |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **smoke** | past | horses *= horse* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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<!-- pn -->
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