---
title: sneeze — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sneeze» in the school dictionary: To sneeze means to suddenly blow air out through your nose and mouth with a loud noise, because something tickles inside your nose. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sneeze

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** something, sneeze, Pepper, me, you, Pollen · **What happens:** sneeze, mean, blow out, tickle, be, make · **To what, where:** air, nose, act, me, hand, elbow · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«sneeze» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sneeze in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sneeze.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To sneeze means to suddenly blow air out through your nose and mouth with a loud noise, because something tickles inside your nose.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sneeze:m1:1
# text = To sneeze means to suddenly blow air out through your nose and mouth with a loud noise, because something tickles inside your nose.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	sneeze	sneeze	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	blow	blow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
7	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	out	out	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
9	through	through	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
20	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	21	nsubj	_	_
21	tickles	tickle	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
22	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sneeze** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **blow out** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | air |  | your nose and mouth |  | with a loud noise; suddenly *property* | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent air=Patient |
| 4 | **tickle** | present | something |  |  | your nose |  |  | vn tingle-40.8.2 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sneeze is the act or sound of sneezing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sneeze:m2:1
# text = A sneeze is the act or sound of sneezing.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sneeze	sneeze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	sneezing	sneezing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sneeze | the act or sound of sneezing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pepper makes me sneeze.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sneeze:x1:1
# text = Pepper makes me sneeze.
1	Pepper	pepper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	sneeze	sneeze	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Pepper | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sneeze** | infinitive | me *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sneeze into your elbow, not your hand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sneeze:x2:1
# text = Sneeze into your elbow, not your hand.
1	Sneeze	sneeze	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	into	into	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	elbow	elbow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sneeze** | imperative | you *not said here* | your hand |  | your elbow |  |  | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Atishoo!» «Bless you!»

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «Atishoo!»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sneeze:x3:1
# text = «Atishoo!»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Atishoo	Atishoo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* «Bless you!»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sneeze:x3:2
# text = «Bless you!»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Bless	bless	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bless** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* | you |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pollen makes her sneeze in spring.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sneeze:x4:1
# text = Pollen makes her sneeze in spring.
1	Pollen	pollen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	sneeze	sneeze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Pollen | Pollen's sneeze |  |  | spring |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sneeze=Product |
| 2 | **sneeze** |  | Pollen |  |  |  |  |  | nom sneeze «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sneeze can spread germs across a room.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sneeze:x5:1
# text = A sneeze can spread germs across a room.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sneeze	sneeze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	spread	spread	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	across	across	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | can | a sneeze | germs |  | a room |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location germ=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He sneezed three times in a row.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sneeze:x6:1
# text = He sneezed three times in a row.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sneezed	sneeze	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	row	row	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sneeze** | past | He |  |  | a row | time |  | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Catch it, bin it, kill it: use a tissue when you sneeze.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sneeze:x7:1
# text = Catch it, bin it, kill it: use a tissue when you sneeze.
1	Catch	catch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	bin	bin	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	kill	kill	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
10	use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	tissue	tissue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	15	advmod	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	sneeze	sneeze	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch** | imperative | you *not said here* | it |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 2 | **bin** | infinitive | you *not said here* | it |  |  |  |  | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 3 | **kill** | infinitive | you *not said here* | it |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 4 | **use** | infinitive | you *not said here* | a tissue |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tissue=Patient |
| 5 | **sneeze** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was just as if somebody was sneezing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sneeze:x8:1
# text = It was just as if somebody was sneezing.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
3	just	just	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
4	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	somebody	somebody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	sneezing	sneeze	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sneeze** | past · progressive | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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