---
title: sodium — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sodium» in the school dictionary: Sodium is a soft, silvery-white metal element with the symbol Na; it is so reactive that it reacts strongly with water, sometimes fizzing and catching fire, so it is never found pure in nature. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/sodium/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [S](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/) / sodium

# sodium

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Sodium, sodium chloride, you, teacher, much sodium, label · **What happens:** be, react, fizz, catch, not find, mean · **To what, where:** soft white metal element, fire, Sodium, nature, part, common table salt · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«sodium» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sodium in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sodium.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sodium is a soft, silvery-white metal element with the symbol Na; it is so reactive that it reacts strongly with water, sometimes fizzing and catching fire, so it is never found pure in nature.

<!-- fold The tree, 35 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sodium:m1:1
# text = Sodium is a soft, silvery-white metal element with the symbol Na; it is so reactive that it reacts strongly with water, sometimes fizzing and catching fire, so it is never found pure in nature.
1	Sodium	sodium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
4	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	silvery	silvery	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	element	element	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	symbol	symbol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	Na	Na	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
18	so	so	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	reactive	reactive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
20	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	reacts	react	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	advcl	_	_
23	strongly	strongly	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
24	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	28	advmod	_	_
28	fizzing	fizz	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	22	parataxis	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	catching	catch	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	28	conj	_	_
31	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
33	so	so	ADV	RB	_	37	advmod	_	_
34	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj:pass	_	_
35	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	37	aux:pass	_	_
36	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	37	advmod	_	_
37	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	parataxis	_	_
38	pure	pure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	xcomp	_	_
39	in	in	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Sodium | a soft white metal element |  |  |  | with the symbol | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | Sodium |  |  |  |  | reactive *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **react** | present | Sodium |  |  |  |  | with water; strongly *property* | vn respond-113 «NP V PP.predicate»: agent=Agent with water=Eventuality |
| 4 | **fizz** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | sometimes *property* | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **catch** | gerund |  | fire |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Theme |
| 6 | **not** **find** | present · passive |  | Sodium |  | nature |  | pure *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sodium is part of many compounds, most famously sodium chloride, which is common table salt; «sodium» on a food label usually means salt in the food.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sodium:m2:1
# text = Sodium is part of many compounds, most famously sodium chloride, which is common table salt; «sodium» on a food label usually means salt in the food.
1	Sodium	sodium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	compounds	compound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	9	advmod	_	_
9	famously	famously	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	sodium	sodium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	chloride	chloride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
15	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
16	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
19	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	sodium	sodium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	_
22	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	label	label	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
26	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
28	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Sodium | part and sodium chloride and common table salt |  |  |  | of many compounds | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | sodium chloride and common table salt | common table salt |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **mean** | present | sodium on a food label | salt |  |  |  | in the food; usually *property* | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot salt=Theme in food=Attribute |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Table salt is made of sodium and chlorine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sodium:x1:1
# text = Table salt is made of sodium and chlorine.
1	Table	Table	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	sodium	sodium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	chlorine	chlorine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Table salt |  |  |  | of sodium and chlorine | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sodium is so soft you can cut it with a knife.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sodium:x2:1
# text = Sodium is so soft you can cut it with a knife.
1	Sodium	sodium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	so	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	cut	cut	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	knife	knife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Sodium |  |  |  |  | soft *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **cut** | can | you | Sodium |  |  |  | with a knife | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient with knife=Instrument |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher dropped a tiny piece of sodium into water and it whizzed around.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sodium:x3:1
# text = The teacher dropped a tiny piece of sodium into water and it whizzed around.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	dropped	drop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	sodium	sodium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	whizzed	whiz	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	around	around	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop** | past | the teacher | a tiny piece of sodium |  | water |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent piece=Theme into water=Destination |
| 2 | **whiz around** | past | teacher |  |  |  |  | around *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Too much sodium in food is not good for your heart.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sodium:x4:1
# text = Too much sodium in food is not good for your heart.
1	Too	too	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sodium	sodium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | much sodium in food |  |  |  |  | for your heart; good *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The label shows how much sodium is in the crisps.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sodium:x5:1
# text = The label shows how much sodium is in the crisps.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	label	label	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
5	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	sodium	sodium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	crisps	crisp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the label |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | much sodium |  |  | the crisps |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Old orange street lights were sodium lamps.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sodium:x6:1
# text = Old orange street lights were sodium lamps.
1	Old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
2	orange	orange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	street	street	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	lights	light	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
5	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	sodium	sodium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	lamps	lamp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Old orange street lights | sodium lamps |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sodium bicarbonate makes cakes rise.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sodium:x7:1
# text = Sodium bicarbonate makes cakes rise.
1	Sodium	sodium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	bicarbonate	bicarbonate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	cakes	cake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	rise	rise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Sodium bicarbonate | cakes |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **rise** | infinitive | cakes *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The symbol for sodium is Na, from its Latin name «natrium».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sodium:x8:1
# text = The symbol for sodium is Na, from its Latin name «natrium».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	symbol	symbol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	sodium	sodium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	Na	Na	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	Latin	Latin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	acl:relcl	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	natrium	natrium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the symbol for sodium | Na |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **name** |  | symbol |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [soda](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/soda/)
- next →: [sofa](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/sofa/)
- ↑ back to [S in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/)