---
title: sojourn — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sojourn» in the school dictionary: A sojourn is a short stay in a place that is not your home (formal). Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sojourn

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sojourn, that, Abraham, they, writer, Our · **What happens:** be, not be, sojourn, do, come, spend · **To what, where:** short stay, place, home, Bible, sojourn, farm · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«sojourn» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sojourn in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sojourn.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sojourn is a short stay in a place that is not your home (formal).

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sojourn:m1:1
# text = A sojourn is a short stay in a place that is not your home (formal).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sojourn	sojourn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	stay	stay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
13	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
15	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sojourn | a short stay |  | a place |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **is a** | present | that | your home |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To sojourn is to stay somewhere for a while as a visitor (formal, old-fashioned).

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sojourn:m2:1
# text = To sojourn is to stay somewhere for a while as a visitor (formal, old-fashioned).
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	sojourn	sojourn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	somewhere	somewhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	5	advmod	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	while	while	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	visitor	visitor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
13	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	fashioned	fashioned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sojourn** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn weekend-56 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  | while | as a visitor; somewhere, stay *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Bible — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the Bible, to sojourn is to live in a land as a stranger or traveller, as Abraham did.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sojourn:m3:1
# text = In the Bible, to sojourn is to live in a land as a stranger or traveller, as Abraham did.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	sojourn	sojourn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	live	live	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	stranger	stranger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	traveller	traveller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
20	Abraham	Abraham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
21	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sojourn** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn weekend-56 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | the Bible |  | in a land; as a stranger or traveller; live *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | past | Abraham |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After a short sojourn in Scotland, they came home.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sojourn:x1:1
# text = After a short sojourn in Scotland, they came home.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	sojourn	sojourn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Scotland	Scotland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	home	home	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | they |  |  |  | after a short sojourn in Scotland | home *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The writer spent a sojourn by the sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sojourn:x2:1
# text = The writer spent a sojourn by the sea.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	writer	writer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spent	spend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sojourn	sojourn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | past | the writer | a sojourn |  |  |  | by the sea | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sojourn=Asset |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our sojourn at Gran's farm lasted a week.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sojourn:x3:1
# text = Our sojourn at Gran's farm lasted a week.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	sojourn	sojourn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	Gran	Gran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	lasted	last	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **last** | past | Our sojourn at Gran's farm |  |  |  | week |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **sojourn** |  | Our |  |  | Gran's farm |  |  | nom sojourn «act transitive»: poss=agent at=place |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The explorers sojourned in the desert for several days.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sojourn:x4:1
# text = The explorers sojourned in the desert for several days.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	explorers	explorer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sojourned	sojourn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	desert	desert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sojourn** | past | the explorers |  |  | the desert | day |  | vn weekend-56 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in desert=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Christians read that Abraham sojourned in a strange land.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sojourn:x5:1
# text = Christians read that Abraham sojourned in a strange land.
1	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	read	read	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	Abraham	Abraham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	sojourned	sojourn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	strange	strange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | past | Christians |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **sojourn** | past | Abraham |  |  | a strange land |  |  | vn weekend-56 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in land=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
During his sojourn abroad he learned French.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sojourn:x6:1
# text = During his sojourn abroad he learned French.
1	During	during	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	sojourn	sojourn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	abroad	abroad	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | he | French |  |  | during his sojourn |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent french=Topic |
| 2 | **sojourn** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom sojourn «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They told that they, in crossing Hungary, had sojourned in a mountainous country called Transylvania, where the inhabitants only spoke German, while all around them nothing was spoken but Hungarian.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sojourn:x7:1
# text = They told that they, in crossing Hungary, had sojourned in a mountainous country called Transylvania, where the inhabitants only spoke German, while all around them nothing was spoken but Hungarian.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	crossing	cross	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
8	Hungary	Hungary	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	sojourned	sojourn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	mountainous	mountainous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl	_	_
17	Transylvania	Transylvania	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
19	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	23	advmod	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
22	only	only	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
24	German	German	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
26	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
27	all	all	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
28	around	around	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obl	_	_
30	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
31	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux:pass	_	_
32	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	parataxis	_	_
33	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	Hungarian	Hungarian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | They |  |  |  |  | that they | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cross** | gerund | They *not said here* | Hungary |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hungary=Patient |
| 3 | **sojourn** | past · perfect | They *not said here* |  |  | a mountainous country |  |  | vn weekend-56 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in country=Location |
| 4 | **call** | participle |  | a mountainous country *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the inhabitants | German |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **speak** *speech: other* | past · passive |  | nothing |  |  |  | all *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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